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May 16, 2026

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Based on โ€œThe productivity advice that will actually improve your life | Chris Bailey: Full Interviewโ€ from Big Think Watch the original video

The Real Secret to Productivity: Beyond the Hacks and Into Your Intentions

In a world saturated with quick-fix productivity hacks and endless streams of advice, author and human performance expert Chris Bailey offers a refreshing and deeply researched perspective: the true key to improving your life lies not in external tricks, but in cultivating intentionality. Bailey, known for his books โ€œIntentional: How to Finish What You Startโ€ and โ€œHyperfocus,โ€ argues that most productivity advice is mere โ€œfluff,โ€ demanding more time to consume than it ever gives back. His approach, instead, is rooted in rigorous academic research and extensive self-experimentation, pushing the boundaries of mental and physical accomplishment.

Through his unique journeyโ€”which has included working 90-hour weeks, watching 300 TED talks in a week, and meditating for 35 hours over seven daysโ€”Bailey consistently arrives at the same conclusion: being more productive is a process of becoming more intentional about how we spend our time, our attention, and our energy. These three, he asserts, are the fundamental ingredients of productivity.

The Intention Stack: A Blueprint for Purposeful Living

At the heart of Baileyโ€™s philosophy is the concept of the โ€œintention stack,โ€ a layered framework that beautifully illustrates how our deepest motivations connect to our daily actions. Imagine your lifeโ€™s intentions stacked on top of one another, each layer influencing the one below it:

  1. Values: At the very top reside your values โ€“ the broader, deeper motivations that define who you are. These are your ultimate intentions, the guiding stars of your existence.
  2. Priorities: Beneath values lie your priorities, such as becoming healthier or achieving financial stability. These are the major areas of focus in your life.
  3. Goals: Next come your traditional goals, which Bailey describes as โ€œbroader stories, narratives of change that weโ€™re driving forward in our life.โ€
  4. Plans: These are the concrete steps and strategies that make your goals a reality.
  5. Present Intentions: At the very bottom are your present, daily intentions โ€“ the immediate actions you take.

To illustrate this, consider the goal of running a marathon. This goal might stem from a priority of becoming healthier, which in turn aligns with a broader value of accomplishment or personal security. The marathon goal then leads to plans, like โ€œrun X miles/kilometers this week,โ€ which finally translates into a present intention like โ€œgo for a run after lunch today.โ€

The power of the intention stack lies in its interconnectedness. A goal, by itself, is insufficient. It must be rooted in your values and supported by concrete daily actions. When all layers align, your daily activities become a direct route to connecting with your deepest self and achieving what truly matters. We donโ€™t always achieve our intentions, but whenever we do achieve something, there was always an intention behind it. This highlights intentionality as a critical, shapeable skill โ€“ one we can continuously improve, align with our values, and use to overcome aversion and procrastination.

Default vs. Deliberate: Choosing Your Path

One of Baileyโ€™s most surprising insights from his research is the existence of two distinct types of intentions:

  • Default Intentions: These are plans we set automatically, often on autopilot. They are embedded within us as habits. Think of waking up and instinctively scrolling through social media apps โ€“ this is a default intention, driven by habit energy.
  • Deliberate Intentions: These are plans we set thoughtfully and consciously. They arise when we โ€œsnap out of default modeโ€ and actively choose our next step. Itโ€™s the moment you put down your phone and ask, โ€œWhat do I actually want to get out of this day? Do I want to make an omelet and read, or get coffee and go to work?โ€

The distinction is crucial. The more deliberate intentions we set, the more we choose our direction in life. Bailey suggests a powerful question to trigger this deliberate mode: โ€œWhat is the most meaningful thing I could be doing right now in this moment?โ€ This prompt encourages us to step back and consider our options, especially when optimizing for different โ€œcurrenciesโ€ โ€“ accomplishment at work, meaning at home. Choosing to call a friend or hug your partner instead of mindlessly scrolling reflects a deliberate intention to create meaningful memories.

The Anatomy of an Intention: Source, Duration, Strength, and Depth

Every intention, Bailey explains, possesses four key attributes:

  1. Source: Intentions can originate from various places:

    • Biology: Basic needs, like stopping for a restroom during a road trip.
    • Social Environments: Adopting the norms and behaviors of groups we join (e.g., company culture).
    • Learned Lessons: Adjusting behavior based on past experiences (e.g., not eating apples off a grocery store shelf).
    • Self-Reflective Capacity: Our ability to consciously think about and shape our desires.
  2. Duration: Intentions exist on a spectrum of time. A tiny intention to tie your shoelaces before a run might be part of a larger intention to run a marathon, which contributes to a priority of health, ultimately aligning with a value of personal security.

  3. Strength: This is a function of how much we desire doing the intention minus the aversion we have to it. Desire and aversion constantly fluctuate, especially over the timeline of a goal. Understanding this balance is vital for sustained motivation.

  4. Depth: This refers to how deeply an intention connects to our core values. Bailey shares his own example: an intention to make the gym feel like a spa (aligned with his values of self-direction and pleasure) is far more motivating than an intention to increase cardiovascular fitness after surgery (which requires more effort to align). The closer an intention is to our values, the deeper and more motivating it feels.

The Rule of Three: A Practical Approach to Intentionality

To put the intention stack into practice, Bailey champions a simple yet powerful technique: The Rule of Three.

At the start of each day, ask yourself: โ€œWhat three things will I want to have accomplished by the time the day is done?โ€ Thatโ€™s it. Only three. If this daily practice resonates, extend it to your week: โ€œWhat three main things will I want to have accomplished by the time the week is done?โ€

This practice creates a seamless flow:

  • Your daily intentions contribute to your weekly goals.
  • Your weekly goals draw from your broader โ€œgoal inventoryโ€ (all goals over medium to long time spans).
  • Your goal inventory, in turn, is shaped by your values, tapping into that natural, intrinsic motivating force.

This practical, tactical approach allows different layers of intentionality to flow into one another, ensuring your daily actions serve a larger, value-aligned purpose.

Values: The Essential Compass for Goal Attainment

A common reason goals fail is misalignment with our values. Bailey acknowledges the eye-rolling often associated with โ€œvalues exercisesโ€ โ€“ those generic lists of a hundred traits. He points to the groundbreaking work of Professor Shalom Schwarz, who in 1992 pioneered the theory of 12 fundamental human values that all people share, albeit in different amounts.

These values are our motivational core, stemming from two basic polarities:

  1. Self-enrichment vs. Enriching Others: Are we compelled to benefit ourselves or contribute to others?
  2. Conservation vs. Change: Do we want to maintain the status quo or improve/change things?

From these polarities blossom the 12 values:

  1. Self-direction: Going your own way, thinking your own thoughts.
  2. Stimulation: Novelty, excitement.
  3. Pleasure: Enjoyment, sensory experiences.
  4. Achievement: Accomplishing things youโ€™re proud of.
  5. Power: Dominance over resources and people (curiously, the lowest cross-culturally).
  6. Face: Avoiding humiliation, preserving how you appear to others.
  7. Security: Personal and societal safety.
  8. Tradition: Loving the norms and customs of your groups.
  9. Conformity: Abiding by othersโ€™ expectations.
  10. Humility: Recognizing your significance (or insignificance) in grand systems.
  11. Universalism: Protecting the welfare of people and nature.
  12. Benevolence: Kindness, serving others.

Identifying your strongest values is profoundly helpful for goal attainment. Bailey suggests that by simply reviewing this list, youโ€™ll likely intuitively recognize your top two or three. The key is to edit your goals to fit with these values.

Consider the goal โ€œwrite employee handbook for the next calendar year.โ€ If you value self-direction, this might feel like conforming to someone elseโ€™s expectation, leading to resistance. However, if you value benevolence (kindness), you could reframe it as โ€œmentor new employees and welcome them through the handbook update.โ€ The actions might be identical, but the internal motivation shifts entirely. โ€œWhen a goal sticks,โ€ Bailey emphasizes, โ€œitโ€™s because we found a part of it that we can deeply and fundamentally connect with.โ€ When a goal doesnโ€™t stick, itโ€™s a sign to edit it, to find that deeper connection, to approach it with enjoyment and self-kindness rather than sheer willpower.

The Four Steps to Goal Attainment: Shape, Act, Edit, Maintain

Goals, at their core, are predictions of where our actions will take us. And as Bailey points out, โ€œweโ€™re just how bad we are at predicting the future.โ€ We overestimate resources, time, and willpower, often leading to disappointment, much like New Yearโ€™s resolutions. He even challenges the widely accepted โ€œSMARTโ€ goals (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Time-bound), citing research that shows they often donโ€™t work, contain redundancy, and can be unhelpful during the learning phase of a goal.

Instead, Bailey proposes a four-step iterative process for goal attainment:

1. Shape the Goal

A well-shaped goal requires two things: the outcome youโ€™re after and the process that will get you there. For example, the outcome is โ€œlearn a new song on the piano,โ€ but the process is โ€œpractice this song for 20 minutes every day this week.โ€ Many goals are โ€œsepia-toned fantasiesโ€ โ€“ ideas that sound great but are miserable in daily practice. Bailey, for instance, loves the idea of waking up early but despises the reality, being a natural night owl. He quotes Annie Dillard: โ€œHow we spend our days is of course how we spend our lives.โ€ Our goals must account for the day-to-day reality, not just the romanticized outcome.

2. Act on the Goal

This is where the battle between desire and aversion plays out. Desire naturally fluctuates. Relying solely on initial excitement or willpower is a recipe for failure. Aversion, the feeling that a goal is โ€œugly,โ€ is triggered by six characteristics:

  • Boring: The task lacks stimulation.
  • Frustrating: It feels difficult or overwhelming.
  • Unpleasant: Itโ€™s physically or emotionally uncomfortable.
  • Unstructured: Thereโ€™s no clear path forward.
  • Far away: The reward is distant in the future.
  • Meaningless: It doesnโ€™t connect to your values.

Procrastination, Bailey assures us, is a universal human experience. Studies show 99% of people admit to it. Itโ€™s not a personal failing but a visceral reaction to aversion. To overcome it, we must tame aversion:

  • Shrink Resistance: Break down tasks into tiny, manageable chunks (e.g., meditate for 10 minutes instead of 45). The resistance is often at the beginning.
  • Gamify: Make boring tasks fun.
  • Improve Environment: Do frustrating tasks with a fancy latte.
  • Set Milestones: Bring distant goals closer with intermediate rewards.
  • Accountability Partners: Add immediate social pressure.
  • Aversion Journaling: When you feel like procrastinating, choose to either do the task or journal about why you donโ€™t want to do it. This untangles the knots and often makes the task less daunting.

3. Edit the Goal

Goals are predictions, and predictions need revision as new data comes in. If youโ€™re not making progress on a goal, itโ€™s a strong sign it needs an edit โ€“ or perhaps to be dropped entirely. Embrace the โ€œlearning modeโ€ at the start of any goal, understanding that youโ€™ll likely try many process goals before finding one that sticks.

Bailey recommends creating a Goal Inventory โ€“ a single list of all your goals across different life contexts (work, home, personal). Reviewing this weekly (he does his on Sundays) reduces cognitive overhead and allows you to deliberately choose what to โ€œbite offโ€ for the coming week, ensuring your actions align with your broader ambitions.

4. Maintain the Goal

Sometimes, a goal works so well that we stop doing it, taking its benefits for granted (e.g., meditation). For ongoing habits and commitments, set a maintenance goal and add it to your inventory. This regular review helps you stay on track, often feeling like a โ€œpat on the backโ€ rather than a chore.

Finally, Bailey emphasizes the importance of celebration. After achieving a goal, big or small, treat yourself in a meaningful way. This reinforces the positive feedback loop. He also suggests keeping an Accomplishments List โ€“ a running tally of everything youโ€™ve achieved, including unexpected wins. This list serves as a powerful motivator, reminding you of your capabilities and the results of your efforts.

Focus in the Age of Distraction

In our hyper-connected world, focus is a precious commodity. Bailey highlights that we live in an age where AI-driven algorithms exploit our novelty bias โ€“ the brainโ€™s craving for new information, each hit delivering a shot of dopamine. Research by Gloria Mark reveals a stark reality: the median time we focus on a single task in front of a computer is just 40 seconds; with a phone nearby, it drops to 35 seconds. This constant, rapid switching creates the illusion of multitasking.

However, true multitasking is a myth when it comes to conscious, intentional work. What we perceive as multitasking is merely rapid task switching, which incurs a cognitive cost known as attention residue. Whenever we move from one task to the next, a small part of our attention remains โ€œresidueโ€ on the previous task, making our focus less efficient. The only exception is with ingrained habits (like walking and chewing gum simultaneously), which donโ€™t require conscious intent. For anything requiring deliberate thought, attention residue compromises our ability to perform effectively.

In essence, Chris Baileyโ€™s message is an urgent call to reclaim our agency. By understanding the intricate layers of our intentions, aligning our actions with our deepest values, and navigating the challenges of goal attainment with a deliberate, iterative approach, we can move beyond superficial productivity hacks. True productivity isnโ€™t about doing more; itโ€™s about doing what matters, intentionally.


Based on โ€œCodex Taught Me How to Play Pianoโ€ from Every Watch the original video

From Noodling to Knowing: My AI-Powered Journey into Music Theory

For years, my relationship with the piano was a casual affair. As an adult, I love โ€œf***ing aroundโ€ on instruments, just for the sheer joy of it. Music, to me, is simply the best. But this laid-back approach also meant I was a terrible student in my youth. I once had the privilege of learning from an incredibly cool jazz musician, but the endless scales and theory exercises required to master an instrumentโ€”especially jazz pianoโ€”were a chore I simply didnโ€™t want to do. I just wanted to play what sounded good.

Now, with the advent of powerful AI, that casual joy has transformed into a profound understanding, all thanks to a custom application I built using Codex. Itโ€™s truly โ€œsickโ€ how this AI has become my personal music theory tutor, bridging the gap between simply playing notes and truly understanding the language of music.

The โ€œWhyโ€ Behind the Notes: A Pianistโ€™s Dilemma

The modern world offers an incredible resource for aspiring musicians: YouTube. Any song I want to play, chances are thereโ€™s a tutorial video for it. Take โ€œOlderโ€ by Lizzy McAlpine, for example. Itโ€™s a fantastic song, so fun to play on the piano, and the original pianist, Taylor McCall, even has a video on Lizzyโ€™s channel breaking it down. I can easily learn the notes and play along.

But hereโ€™s the dilemma: I can learn how to play a particular flourish, a little moment in a song that I absolutely love, but I donโ€™t really know what Iโ€™m doing or why I like it. This lack of theoretical understanding makes it hard to generalize, to improvise, or to incorporate those beloved elements into my own โ€œnoodling.โ€ As many music educators will tell you, the danger of just learning what you like is that you donโ€™t understand why it works, so it doesnโ€™t generalize. I was stuck in a loop of imitation without true comprehension.

Enter Codex: Your AI Music Theory Tutor

My solution was to leverage AI. I plugged my piano into my computer and asked Codex, โ€œHey, can you make a little app to show me what Iโ€™m playing?โ€ The result was immediate and game-changing. Now, as I press keys, the app visually displays them and tells me their names. This seemingly simple feature was my first step towards demystifying the keyboard.

โ€œThe cool thing about that is I can finally like understand the music theory behind what Iโ€™m doing instead of just like playing it blindly,โ€ I realized. This immediate feedback helps me connect the physical act of playing with the underlying theoretical concepts, making me a better, more informed piano player.

Unlocking the Secrets of Your Own Playing

The real magic began when I pushed Codex further. I wanted to analyze my own playing. So, I added a record function. Now, if I play a phrase or a melodic idea that I like, I can simply hit record and then ask Codex to analyze it. โ€œHey, I want to be able to record stuff and I want you to tell me about what it is,โ€ I instructed it. โ€œExplain to me what Iโ€™m doing, like whatโ€™s the music theory behind it. I want to understand whatโ€™s the chord progression and then what are the like influences or flavors in there?โ€

I put it to the test with that beloved flourish from โ€œOlder.โ€ After I played it, Codex went to work. It pulled up the musical phrase, complete with time signatures and keys, and then delivered its analysis: โ€œYouโ€™re doing A-flat add nine to A-flat sus two. Basically a four to a one chord, which is really interesting.โ€

This was an โ€œaha!โ€ moment. Codex then clarified a common music theory point: A-flat and G-sharp are the same thing. It further explained that what looked complicated was โ€œreally just a G sharp chord like laid out across the keyboard.โ€ It showed how the same chord could be played in different positions, simply by moving up the keyboard.

This insight was transformative. โ€œThatโ€™s a little technique now that I can be like, ooh, thereโ€™s like something interesting there that I might want to do in maybe another key or at another moment or whatever,โ€ I thought. It immediately encouraged me to โ€œnoodle around more,โ€ trying to find variations and applications of this newfound technique. I wasnโ€™t just copying; I was understanding a fundamental building block of music.

Learning from the Masters, with AI Guidance

Codexโ€™s capabilities extend beyond analyzing my own playing. It can also act as an intelligent assistant for external learning resources. Thereโ€™s a fantastic YouTube channel I love called Open Studio, which offers exercises like โ€œroot shell pretty.โ€ I can literally tell Codex: โ€œGo open it up, watch it, and then explain to me how it works, and then help me apply it.โ€

Codex will then open the video, process its content, and provide an explanation and guidance on how to apply the exercise to my playing. โ€œItโ€™s like I have this master teacher who is just into all the same stuff Iโ€™m into,โ€ I exclaimed, marveling at the personalized nature of this AI tutor. It helps me take all the content Iโ€™m interested in and not just consume it, but truly learn how it works.

The Future of Personalized Learning

Itโ€™s crucial to note that this AI doesnโ€™t replace having an actual human music teacher. The nuances of human interaction, personalized feedback, and the mentorship of a seasoned professional are invaluable. However, for someone like meโ€”a curious individual who wants to learn the things Iโ€™m genuinely interested in, and understand them deeplyโ€”this is โ€œthe best thing in the world.โ€

The ability to go from merely being โ€œintoโ€ something to learning how it works, and then understanding why it works, allows me to generalize that knowledge and apply it wherever I want. Codex, in essence, comes with me on this journey.

We are living in an extraordinary time for learning. If youโ€™re a curious person, this is โ€œthe best time in the world to like learn to learn anything.โ€ Whether itโ€™s connecting your piano, recording your guitar, building an app, or delving into the intricacies of music theory, you can literally โ€œfire up Codex and ask it to help teach you.โ€ The possibilities for personalized, in-depth learning are truly endless, and itโ€™s โ€œf***ing sick.โ€


Based on โ€œA Surge of U.S. Spy Planes Over Cuba, and Retailersโ€™ $20 Billion Bet on Physical Storesโ€ from New York Times Podcasts Watch the original video

Shadows Over Havana, Dollars in the Aisles: Geopolitical Chess and Retailโ€™s $20 Billion Bet

In a world grappling with complex challenges, the news cycle often presents a stark contrast between global geopolitical maneuvers and the subtle shifts in everyday life. One particular Friday brought into sharp focus both the escalating pressures on a Caribbean island nation and a surprising, multi-billion-dollar gamble by Americaโ€™s retail giants. From the skies above Cuba, where U.S. spy planes buzz, to the bustling aisles of revamped superstores, these stories illuminate a period of intense scrutiny, strategic investments, and enduring human resilience.

Cuba on the Brink: An Energy Crisis Meets Escalating U.S. Pressure

Cuba is currently navigating an energy crisis of unprecedented severity, pushed to a breaking point by a combination of crumbling infrastructure and intensified U.S. pressure. For years, the island nation has grappled with intermittent blackouts, but the situation has dramatically worsened after the United States effectively cut off all oil shipments a few months prior. Now, the Cuban government reports that its reserves are completely depleted. The energy minister has painted a grim picture, stating that residents in the capital city face electricity outages for a staggering 20 to 22 hours a day. The scarcity is so profound that even the delivery trucks meant to transport fuel are immobilized, lacking the very resource they are designed to carry.

Life on the island has adapted to this harsh reality. People are seeking refuge from the oppressive heat by sleeping on rooftops, while charcoal and firewood have become essential commodities for cooking. This domestic struggle unfolds against a backdrop of escalating international tensions.

Simultaneously, the skies above Cuba have seen a notable increase in U.S. military aircraft. American officials, speaking to The New York Times, confirmed that drones and surveillance planes have ramped up their reconnaissance flights. These flights are reportedly part of a larger U.S. military buildup anticipated in the region in the coming weeks. Experts suggest that these aircraft could be deployed to eavesdrop on Cuban officials, with the overarching intent of intimidating the government.

Further underscoring this pressure, the CIA director recently traveled to the island to deliver a direct warning. According to American officials, the message was clear: Cuba must cease allowing Russia and China to operate intelligence posts within its borders, and its communist government needs to implement unspecified economic reforms. The Trump administration, however, has yet to detail what those economic changes entail.

Behind the scenes, Havana and Washington have been engaged in weeks of secret negotiations. Cubaโ€™s primary objective is to persuade the U.S. to end the energy blockade, which Cubaโ€™s president has publicly condemned as โ€œgenocidal.โ€ President Trump, meanwhile, has maintained a hardline stance, advocating for a โ€œregime changeโ€ in Cuba and, in a recent speech, threatening that the U.S. would be โ€œtaking over almost immediately.โ€ The situation remains volatile, with the immediate future of the island hanging precariously in the balance.

The $20 Billion Gamble: Why Retailers are Revamping Physical Stores

While geopolitical tensions simmer globally, a significant economic trend is unfolding on American soil. Some of the nationโ€™s largest retail chains are making an expensive, yet calculated, bet on the enduring appeal of the physical shopping experience. Walmart, Target, Dollar General, and numerous others are investing heavily in remodeling thousands of their existing stores across the country.

This widespread renovation effort is driven by a dual purpose: to streamline operations and, crucially, to entice customers back through their doors. Despite the undeniable surge in online shopping, retail executives are keenly aware that e-commerce still accounts for less than 20% of all retail sales, according to data from the Commerce Department. This statistic underscores the continued dominance of brick-and-mortar retail in the overall consumer landscape.

Retail executives are confident that the payoff will justify the substantial investment. One retail analyst, speaking to The New York Times, highlighted that a pleasant and engaging in-store experience can significantly encourage customers to also shop that brand online. Essentially, a positive physical interaction builds brand loyalty and drives omnichannel engagement.

Beyond strategic consumer engagement, there are also tangible financial incentives fueling this renovation wave. Congress last year passed the โ€œOne Big Beautiful Bill Act,โ€ which included tax incentives for businesses making capital investments. Many retailers are strategically moving to take advantage of this window of opportunity. In total, Americaโ€™s largest retailers are projected to spend at least $20 billion on these remodels in the coming years, signaling a profound belief in the future of the physical storefront.

Global Diplomacy and Domestic Divides: Other Key Developments

Beyond the immediate headlines concerning Cuba and the retail sector, other significant events unfolded, reflecting a world in constant motion, marked by diplomatic overtures, persistent conflicts, and cultural reckonings.

Trumpโ€™s China Visit: Praise, Promises, and Persistent Gaps

President Trump concluded a recent trip to China, characterized by an abundance of public praise and diplomatic pleasantries. Trump hailed Chinese President Xi Jinping as โ€œreally a friend,โ€ while Xi reciprocated, calling for the two nations to act as partners rather than adversaries. Despite the warm rhetoric, the U.S. delegation departed Beijing without announcing any clear resolutions on several major points of contention between the two global powers.

Discussions did reportedly touch upon Iran and the Strait of Hormuz, with both sides expressing similar concerns about ending the situation. However, there was no indication whether China, a key ally of Iran, would exert pressure to reopen the vital waterway. More concrete examples of potential cooperation emerged on the trade front. Trump announced that China intended to order 200 airplanes from Boeing, and the Chinese government had cleared the path for importing American beef. A U.S. trade official also noted a โ€œwillingness on both sides to not lapse back into the tit-for-tat trade war from last year,โ€ which saw sky-high tariffs and Chinaโ€™s chokehold on rare earth minerals. Trump expressed plans to host President Xi back in Washington in late September for further talks, suggesting an ongoing, albeit complex, dialogue.

The Unseen Toll of War: Iran Conflict Under Scrutiny

The ongoing conflict in Iran continued to generate headlines, particularly concerning the contentious issue of civilian casualties. During a Senate hearing, Admiral Brad Cooper, the U.S. military commander overseeing the war, repeatedly dismissed reports of civilian deaths. He stated that there was only one active civilian casualty investigation from the 13,629 munitions deployed, a strike on a school that Iranian officials claim killed 175 people. Cooperโ€™s comments stood in stark contrast to reports from human rights groups and news organizations, including The New York Times, which have documented numerous other strikes hitting civilian targets or resulting in civilian fatalities and injuries.

Domestically, the House of Representatives yesterday blocked another attempt by Democrats to force an end to the war. This marked the tenth time Republicans have thwarted such a measure. The proposed resolution would have required President Trump to secure congressional approval to continue the conflict. Despite the slim chances of success, Democrats have vowed to persist in their efforts, compelling Republicans to repeatedly weigh in on a war that public polling indicates is widely unpopular.

A Quest for Provenance: Paris Exhibit Unearths WWII Looted Art

In a poignant effort to rectify historical injustices, the Musรฉe dโ€™Orsay in Paris has opened a new exhibit showcasing works by renowned artists such as Renoir, Degas, and Rodin. However, the primary objective of this display extends beyond mere aesthetic appreciation: it aims to help identify the rightful owners of the art. All pieces featured in the show are believed to have been taken from France, potentially stolen, during the Nazi occupation in World War II.

Over the course of the war, tens of thousands of art objects were either systematically looted by the Nazis or sold under duress. Many of these treasures were eventually recovered by Allied units, famously known as the โ€œMonuments Men,โ€ and subsequently returned to France. While most have been reclaimed over the years, approximately 2,000 pieces remain under the care of French museums, awaiting the establishment of their provenances. France has, in the past, faced criticism for not doing more to expedite this process.

Notably, at the Musรฉe dโ€™Orsay exhibit, several paintings have been hung in a unique manner, allowing visitors to view both their front and back. Curators hope that this unconventional display will enable people to identify specific markings or stamps that could lead to these invaluable artworks finally being returned to their rightful owners, closing a chapter of wartime theft and cultural displacement.

From the intense diplomatic dance over Cubaโ€™s future to the strategic reimagining of Americaโ€™s retail landscape, and from the ongoing debates over wartime ethics to the painstaking efforts to restore historical justice, these headlines paint a vivid picture of a world navigating complex realities, where every decision, every investment, and every historical reckoning carries profound implications.


Based on โ€œThe college dream is falling apart | The Gray Areaโ€ from Vox Watch the original video

The College Degreeโ€™s Broken Promise: A New Generationโ€™s Economic Revolt

For decades, a college degree was the undisputed golden ticket to the American middle class, a secure pathway to upward mobility. Graduate, find a good job, build a stable life. This was the narrative ingrained in generations of students, pushing them to pursue higher education, often at significant personal cost. Yet, for a growing segment of the college-educated, this dream has curdled into a harsh reality of stagnating wages, crushing debt, and degrading work. As New York Times labor reporter Noam Shyber argues in his provocative new book, Mutiny: The Rise and Revolt of the College Educated Working Class, a profound economic disillusionment is driving a โ€œmutinyโ€ among recent graduates, reshaping their political views and fueling a surprising surge in worker activism.

Miles Bryan, host of Voxโ€™s โ€œThe Gray Area,โ€ recently sat down with Shyber to delve into this phenomenon, exploring how the aspirations of a highly educated generation have collided with a precarious economic landscape, leading to a โ€œproletarianizationโ€ of white-collar work and a potential realignment of American politics.

The Broken Promise: A Generationโ€™s Disillusionment

Shyberโ€™s book focuses on the cohort of individuals who graduated from college starting around 2008-2009, during and after the Great Recession. This was a generation that, by all accounts, did everything โ€œright.โ€ They prepared more diligently for college than any before them, taking more AP classes, enduring longer school days, and doing more homework. They then took on record amounts of debt, believing their degree was a guaranteed โ€œticket to the upper middle class.โ€

However, upon graduation, they discovered a starkly different reality. The economic return on their degrees was stagnating or even dropping. Median wages for recent college graduates remained 10% below 2001-2002 levels as late as 2017-2018, and employment rates were down. This chasm between expectation and reality proved โ€œvery frustrating andโ€ฆ even radicalizing,โ€ Shyber notes. Even as the broader economy recovered, recent college graduates never quite regained their footing.

This persistent economic strain, exacerbated by the more recent specter of AI, has profoundly reshaped their worldview. โ€œThe revolt is against American capitalism, a revolt against the system they thought they were being born intoโ€ฆ but then has kind of shut its doors on them,โ€ Shyber explains. This disillusionment has pushed them significantly to the left on economic issues, fostering greater support for socialism and, crucially, a surge in pro-union sentiment and workplace organizing.

From Bobos to Probos: The New College-Educated Proletariat

To understand this shift, Shyber draws a fascinating contrast with an earlier generation of college graduates. In his 2000 book, Bobos in Paradise, David Brooks coined the term โ€œBohemian Bourgeoisโ€ (Bobos) to describe college graduates who embraced a funky, artsy aesthetic while being economically upwardly mobile. These were individuals who liked โ€œreclaimed wood furnitureโ€ and โ€œkind of nappy fabrics,โ€ but economically, they were managers, pro-free trade, pro-balanced budgets, and skeptical of unions. They were doing well, embodying a moderate, centrist, even neoliberal economic outlook.

Shyber introduces a new term, โ€œProbosโ€ โ€“ the โ€œProletarian Bourgeoisโ€ โ€“ to describe the college graduates of today. These individuals share some of the aesthetic and sociological trappings of the Bobos: they own sleek devices, drink fancy coffee, and watch โ€œpeak TV.โ€ Yet, their bank accounts tell a different story. They carry โ€œtons of debt from college,โ€ work in jobs that make servicing that debt challenging, and are far from being corporate lawyers or tech bosses. Instead, they are baristas at Starbucks or retail workers at Apple.

โ€œVery much almost the mirror image,โ€ Shyber says, describing people who โ€œaesthetically and even sociologically like present as bourgeois, but their politics and their economics are very much of like the proletariat.โ€

The Degradation of Aspirational Work: Starbucks and Apple

A key part of the โ€œProboโ€ experience is the โ€œinshitificationโ€ of what were once considered aspirational jobs. Companies like Starbucks and Apple, which historically attracted college graduates with promises of good benefits, a supportive culture, and opportunities for growth, have seen their entry-level positions degrade significantly over the last two decades.

Teddy Hoffmanโ€™s Story: The Grinnell Grad at Starbucks

Shyber illustrates this through the story of Teddy Hoffman, a graduate of Grinnell College, a prestigious liberal arts institution. Teddy excelled in college, even receiving a fancy Watson Fellowship that allowed him to travel the world. Yet, years later, Teddy found himself working as a barista at Starbucks in Chicago, a โ€œfailure to launchโ€ situation that puzzled his successful friends and family.

Starbucks, famously, branded its employees as โ€œpartnersโ€ and offered benefits like stock options, healthcare for part-timers, and educational assistance. These trappings made it an attractive โ€œlanding spotโ€ for college grads trying to figure out their next move. However, this changed drastically after the 2008 financial crisis.

When Howard Schultz returned as CEO in 2007-2008 to save the teetering company, he implemented austerity measures. Benefits became less generous, and crucial changes like โ€œscheduling on demandโ€ made work incredibly precarious. Instead of reliable 40-hour weeks, baristas could be sent home early if demand dropped, making it impossible to โ€œplan a life aroundโ€ their work.

The COVID-19 pandemic further accelerated Teddyโ€™s alienation. Initially, Starbucks offered paid time off, but soon, masking policies were dropped, stores became crowded, and workers like Teddy found themselves on the front lines of โ€œmasking culture wars,โ€ dealing with belligerent customers while colleagues fell ill. Stuck in a job he thought he was about to escape, Teddy and his co-workers felt โ€œjust heโ€™s getting on all sidesโ€ฆ itโ€™s just a mess.โ€

The Apple Storeโ€™s Transformation

A similar narrative unfolded at Apple. When Steve Jobs launched the Apple Store in 2001, his vision was to create โ€œmissionaries for the Apple religion.โ€ They recruited college grads, invested heavily in training, and offered generous benefits. Highly sought-after โ€œcreativeโ€ positions involved one-on-one coaching sessions, teaching customers how to use Apple products for video or audio editing.

However, under Tim Cook, who took over in 2011, the focus shifted from evangelism to efficiency and retail. Cook, an โ€œoperations guy,โ€ began to minimize labor costs, relying more on โ€œcontingent laborโ€ like temps and seasonal workers. The โ€œcreativeโ€ role was gradually stripped of its educational core, becoming more about marketing and group classes, then disappearing after the pandemic, only to return in a diminished form. Ultimately, these โ€œcreativesโ€ were โ€œpulled onto the sales floorโ€ฆ just selling Macs and and iPhones.โ€

Someone who started as a passionate creative saw their job โ€œget more and more degraded and theyโ€™re getting more and more frustrated,โ€ a clear example of the โ€œinshitification of this kind of work.โ€

The Spark of Revolt: Unionization and Worker Consciousness

The profound alienation experienced by workers like Teddy Hoffman sparked a wave of organizing. For Teddy, the union drive became โ€œthe most meaningful thing Iโ€™ve ever done.โ€ He recalls a moment with a co-worker who said, โ€œThis is like the most meaningful thing Iโ€™ve ever done,โ€ and Teddy realized, โ€œWow, I think thatโ€™s probably true for me, too.โ€ The union provided a sense of purpose and actualization missing from their degraded jobs.

The Starbucks unionization effort, which began in Buffalo in late 2021, quickly โ€œcaught fire,โ€ spreading organically across hundreds of stores nationwide. These were often bright, capable young people who, armed with Google Docs and Zoom calls, learned the steps to unionize from those who came before them.

These union drives are โ€œunquestionablyโ€ฆ a big deal,โ€ Shyber asserts. They represent the first union presence at corporate giants like Amazon, Apple, Trader Joeโ€™s, and REIโ€”companies that are not only economically powerful but also hold immense โ€œcultural cacheโ€ among college-educated individuals. For a long time, labor issues were largely ignored by the mainstream and by college grads. Now, they are โ€œon the front pages of newspapersโ€ and affecting companies that โ€œcollege grads interact with all the time.โ€

Beyond retail, Shyber observes a โ€œgrowing worker consciousnessโ€ across various professions. He cites the example of doctors unionizing in Minnesota, the largest group of private-sector doctors to do so. These highly trained, high-status professionals increasingly see themselves as โ€œworkers, too,โ€ recognizing that they can be โ€œtreated the same way by these employersโ€ as someone on a factory floor. This marks a significant shift in identity, moving away from job-specific professional identities towards a broader worker solidarity.

Bridging the Divide: Politics and Economics

The rise of this college-educated working class and its leftward economic shift presents a complex political dynamic. Thereโ€™s a clear โ€œdiploma divideโ€ in American politics, with college grads increasingly voting Democratic and non-grads leaning Republican, especially since the Trump era. Cultural issues like trans rights, immigration, and crime often exacerbate this divide.

However, Shyber argues that economics can be a powerful bridge. He points to politicians like Zohran Mamdani in New York City, who successfully โ€œcentered economics and economic issuesโ€ in his campaign, focusing on โ€œaffordability, fast free buses, public grocery stores, rent.โ€ These are concerns that resonate with both struggling college grads and non-grads. Mamdani, despite his socialist platform, received โ€œoverwhelming support from college grads,โ€ demonstrating the potential for unity on shared economic grievances.

Furthermore, Shyber challenges the notion that cultural divides are insurmountable. Polling data, for instance, shows that college grads and non-grads under 35 hold similar views on Israel and Palestine. Even on issues like crime and immigration, which are often highly politicized, college grads have shown a โ€œconvergenceโ€ toward non-grad positions during the Biden era, becoming more concerned about crime and more skeptical of immigration policies. While cultural differences persist, Shyber suggests their divisive power, at least on some issues, might be โ€œoverstated.โ€

The AI Specter: A Future of Widespread Precarity?

Looking to the future, the specter of artificial intelligence casts a long shadow over the economic prospects of the college-educated. While the decline in the labor market for recent college grads over the past five years (reflected in higher unemployment rates compared to the overall rate) is largely โ€œpre-AI,โ€ the technology is already beginning to chip away at white-collar jobs. Shyber cites the example of buyers for major retail brands, once high-status, six-figure positions, now increasingly replaced by AI that can predict fashion trends as well as, or better than, humans.

The anxiety surrounding AI is palpable. Consulting firms, software companies, and industrial concerns are already โ€œhiring fewer entry-level folks,โ€ Shyber reports. While young, cheap, and โ€œfungibleโ€ college graduates will likely find ways to be utilized by employers, Shyberโ€™s โ€œbig concernโ€ is for โ€œmid-career people.โ€ These individuals are โ€œmuch more expensive,โ€ possess deep knowledge from 10-15 years in a role, and โ€œmay not be quite as nimble in adopting new technology.โ€ They, he fears, are โ€œgoing to get hit hardest by this once the AI gets sophisticated enough to replace that.โ€

The impact of AI on unions presents a paradox. On one hand, if jobs disappear, thatโ€™s detrimental. On the other, it could make unionization in harder-to-automate sectors, like retail or service, even more critical. AI itself has become a central bargaining issue, as seen in the 2023 writersโ€™ strike, where demands regarding AIโ€™s use in scriptwriting were highly contentious.

The story Noam Shyber tells is one of a profound economic transformation. The college degree, once a symbol of guaranteed upward mobility, now often leads to precarious work, significant debt, and a sense of betrayal. This has given rise to a new โ€œProletarian Bourgeoisโ€ โ€“ a generation aesthetically middle-class but economically working-class โ€“ whose frustration is fueling a powerful new wave of worker consciousness and unionization. As AI looms large, threatening to further disrupt the white-collar landscape, the potential for a broad, economically driven alliance between the college-educated and traditional working classes could fundamentally reshape American politics and the future of work itself.


Based on โ€œThe โ€œWinnersโ€ of The Iran Warโ€ from Economics Explained Watch the original video

The Unseen Victors: How a War in the Middle East Reshapes Global Power

Eleanor Roosevelt famously declared that no one ever truly wins a war, and no one ever will. Yet, as a significant conflict involving Iran unfolds, two major global powersโ€”Russia and Chinaโ€”are quietly emerging as beneficiaries, seemingly ahead without direct involvement. For Russia, this conflict offers a desperately needed lifeline, diverting global attention and bolstering its sanctioned economy. For China, it presents a once-in-a-generation opportunity to accelerate its ascent on the global stage, challenging established economic orders and cementing its influence for decades to come.

This isnโ€™t to say these nations are celebrating the human cost, but rather that the geopolitical and economic reverberations of the โ€œIran Warโ€ have serendipitously aligned with their strategic interests, providing unexpected advantages at a critical juncture.

Russiaโ€™s Unexpected Respite from the Brink

For Russia, the conflict has provided a crucial reprieve. Four years into its own costly invasion of Ukraine, an operation initially expected to conclude in days, Russiaโ€™s economy has been reeling under the weight of unprecedented international sanctions. Having inherited the title of โ€œmost heavily sanctioned country on Earthโ€ from Iran itself in 2022, Russia has faced severe constraints on its access to global financial markets, a mass exodus of Western companies, and restricted imports of advanced technology. Inflation has been rampant, and the central bank has battled to contain it with interest rates soaring above 15%.

The long-term outlook was equally grim. Hundreds of thousands of young men, the future of Russiaโ€™s productive labor force, have been killed or injured in Ukraine, creating demographic implications that will resonate for decades. Russiaโ€™s economy was, by most estimates, quickly running out of options, barely surviving.

However, Russia possesses three fundamental lifelines that have prevented outright collapse:

  1. Resource Wealth: Russia is arguably the most resource-rich nation globally, boasting vast quantities of oil, natural gas, metals, and timberโ€”commodities essential for the global economy. Crucially, these resources are fungible. Russian oil, once it enters the global system, becomes difficult to trace, enabling โ€œgray marketโ€ sales through intermediary countries like India or Turkey. These nations refine or blend Russian crude, re-exporting it as their own product, effectively laundering its origin and circumventing sanctions with plausible deniability.
  2. Agricultural Powerhouse: Russia is a global breadbasket, capable of feeding its own population through domestic agricultural production. This food self-sufficiency is a formidable strategic advantage, especially under economic siege. Furthermore, Russia is one of the worldโ€™s largest wheat exporters, giving it significant leverage over grain-dependent nations.
  3. Strategic Partnerships: Through networks like BRICS, Russia has cultivated relationships of convenience, most notably with China. Chinaโ€™s insatiable demand for cheap energy and natural resources finds a willing supplier in sanctioned Russia, which in turn receives manufactured goods and a vital market for its discounted exports. Itโ€™s a symbiotic, albeit transactional, relationship.

The โ€œIran Warโ€ has paradoxically strengthened all three of these lifelines simultaneously. Global oil prices have surged due to disruptions in Gulf supplies, directly translating into greater revenues for Russia, even with its discounted gray market prices. Higher global benchmarks mean Russian barrels fetch significantly more than they did just months ago. Moreover, the escalating energy crisis has prompted some Western governments to quietly relax sanctions enforcement, prioritizing domestic energy security over geopolitical condemnation. This means Russia is not only earning more per barrel but also finding more willing buyers who previously avoided Russian oil for political reasons.

The food angle is also intensifying. Oil and natural gas are critical inputs for nitrogen fertilizers, which underpin modern agricultural yields. As oil and gas supply disruptions persist, global food production costs will climb, disproportionately affecting countries in Africa, South Asia, and the Middle East reliant on imported fertilizers and grain. Russiaโ€™s agricultural output, combined with its fertilizer exports, becomes an even more potent strategic asset, compelling otherwise wary nations to engage with Moscow.

Finally, and perhaps most valuable, is the โ€œindifference factor.โ€ Global media attention, diplomatic energy, and military resources are all being redirected towards the Middle East and away from Ukraine. This diminished focus alleviates pressure on Western governments to maintain stringent sanctions on Russia, buying Moscow crucial time. While Russiaโ€™s economy is far from thriving, it has gained a desperately needed breathing roomโ€”time to stabilize, time for global attention to drift, and time for new trade relationships to harden.

Chinaโ€™s Strategic Ascent: A Generational Opportunity

Chinaโ€™s economic situation, unlike Russiaโ€™s, is not one of survival but of accelerating existing ambitions. While facing its own set of challengesโ€”persistent trade tensions with the United States, a struggling property market (epitomized by giants like Evergrande and Country Garden), and accumulating government debtโ€”Beijing views the โ€œIran Warโ€ as a catalyst for its long-term strategic objectives.

Chinaโ€™s core aims predate this conflict by years:

  1. Moving Up the Value Chain: As Chinaโ€™s workforce ages and becomes more expensive, itโ€™s pivoting away from low-cost manufacturing towards high-tech industries requiring advanced industrial expertise. Batteries, solar panels, and electric vehicles are prime examples, where China already dominates global production.
  2. Building Non-Western Coalitions: China has actively expanded partnerships like BRICS and spearheaded initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), investing heavily in infrastructure across Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The goal is to create trade dependencies and an alternative economic system that flows through Beijing, reducing reliance on the Western-led order.

The โ€œIran Warโ€ is accelerating nearly all of these objectives, even creating new opportunities. The most immediate advantage is the push for the Chinese Yuan (RMB) as a viable alternative currency for global trade. A recent announcement that the Strait of Hormuz blockade would be relaxed specifically for ships transacting oil in Chinese RMB, rather than the traditional US dollar, was a direct challenge to Americaโ€™s global financial dominance. For countries wary of the U.S.โ€™s willingness to weaponize its payments infrastructure, the RMB offers a practical alternative, reducing their vulnerability to American financial pressure.

This shift directly impacts the petrodollar system. Since the 1970s, global oil trade has predominantly been denominated in US dollars, compelling importing nations to hold dollar reserves and US government debt. This structural demand underpins Americaโ€™s ability to borrow cheaply and run large deficits. Even a marginal shift of global oil trade towards the RMB would reduce this demand for dollars and increase it for the Chinese currency, with significant consequences for borrowing costs, currency stability, and geopolitical leverage.

Furthermore, the conflict boosts demand for Chinaโ€™s strategically important green energy exports. As oil prices rise and energy security concerns intensify globally, countries are accelerating their transition away from fossil fuels. China, as the undisputed global leader in solar panels, batteries, and electric vehicles, stands to benefit immensely. The West has long talked about energy transition, but China has built the supply chain, and that head start is now paying off spectacularly.

Beyond economic mechanics, China is gaining something invaluable: the appearance of a stable, confidence-inspiring economic partner and a reasonable, sensible actor trying to broker peace. While intentions may be debated, Chinaโ€™s consistency and predictability in a crisis make it an easier partner to deal with. Should Beijing successfully mediate or even partially broker a resolution, it would gain significant diplomatic clout, solidifying its reputation as a genuine global power capable of shaping outcomesโ€”a reputation that normally takes decades to build.

The Costs and Complications

However, the conflict isnโ€™t without its drawbacks for Russia and China. For China, the RMB remains a compromised currency. Capital controls and government intervention limit its free movement, hindering its potential to become a true global default. Trust in a reserve currency hinges on transparent central banking, rule of law, and open capital marketsโ€”areas where Chinaโ€™s financial system remains opaque. Countries may use the RMB out of necessity, but not necessarily out of voluntary preference over more liquid currencies like the dollar or euro.

Moreover, China is the worldโ€™s largest net importer of oil and natural gas. Elevated global prices mean Chinese factories, power plants, and transport networks are now significantly more expensive to operate. These very concrete costs must be weighed against abstract long-term geopolitical advantages. The conflict also strains Chinaโ€™s carefully constructed coalitions. BRICS, now expanded to include Iran, also counts Saudi Arabia and the UAE among its membersโ€”nations Iran is actively attacking. Geopolitical alliances struggle when their members are at war, complicating Beijingโ€™s diplomatic balancing act and potentially undermining BRICSโ€™ credibility as an alternative to Western-led institutions.

For Russia, while the conflict buys time, it doesnโ€™t solve fundamental structural problems. Sanctions still bite, inflation remains elevated, and the demographic damage from the Ukraine war is profound and long-lasting. The technology gap with the West continues to widen. Russiaโ€™s economy is surviving, not thriving, and eventually, these cracks will catch up.

The Uncomfortable Truth: Why the Conflict Persists

The ultimate question is whether Russia and China genuinely desire an end to this conflict. The answer is complex, as their interests, while convergent in some areas, do not fully align.

For Russia, the incentives are almost entirely in favor of the conflict continuing in the short to medium term. Every month the โ€œIran Warโ€ drags on brings higher oil prices, relaxed sanctions enforcement, and diminished global attention on Ukraine. Moscow benefits simply by the world remaining distracted. If the conflict were to end abruptly and oil prices plummeted, the intense economic pressures building before the war would quickly resurface.

For China, the situation is more nuanced. The strategic opportunitiesโ€”RMB gains, coalition building, demand for green energyโ€”are real. But so are the costs of elevated oil prices and a fractured BRICS. Chinaโ€™s ideal outcome would likely be a resolution that it gets to broker, gaining diplomatic credibility while simultaneously bringing oil prices down to levels more favorable for its manufacturing base. A prolonged conflict serves some of Chinaโ€™s interests, but a swift, Chinese-mediated peace would serve almost all of them. This is why Beijing publicly positions itself as the responsible adult while quietly capitalizing on the chaos.

The uncomfortable reality is that both Russia and China are rational economic actors, making decisions based on their own interests, not abstract principles of peace. And currently, their interests do not strongly point towards a swift resolution. This creates a critical structural incentive problem: the very countries with the most influence over the parties involved, those theoretically capable of applying the most economic pressure to end the conflict, are also the ones benefiting most from its continuation. This dynamic makes a negotiated peace significantly harder to achieve, ensuring the โ€œIran Warโ€ continues to send ripples across the global economy and power structures, with unseen victors emerging from the fray.


ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด

โ€œThe productivity advice that will actually improve your life | Chris Bailey: Full Interviewโ€ โ€” Big Think ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ์›๋ณธ ์˜์ƒ ๋ณด๊ธฐ

์˜๋„์™€ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋กœ ์‚ถ์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๋ผ: ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋ฒ ์ผ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์กฐ์–ธ

์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ž๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฐœ ์„œ์ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ, ์˜์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์Ÿ์•„์ ธ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” โ€˜์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑโ€™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ๋…ธ์ถœ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณผ์—ฐ ๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์กฐ์–ธ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Œ๊นŒ์š”? ๋ฒ ์ŠคํŠธ์…€๋Ÿฌ ใ€Ž์˜๋„์ ์ธ ์‚ถ(Intentional: How to Finish What You Start)ใ€๊ณผ ใ€Žํ•˜์ดํผํฌ์ปค์Šค(Hyperfocus)ใ€์˜ ์ €์ž ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋ฒ ์ผ๋ฆฌ(Chris Bailey)๋Š” ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์ฃผ์˜, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ โ€˜์˜๋„์„ฑ(Intentionality)โ€˜์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒ ์ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์กฐ์–ธ ์ค‘ ์ƒ๋‹น์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ โ€œ์ด๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ข‹์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š”โ€ ํ—ˆํ™ฉ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ง€์ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์กฐ์–ธ์€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์›์ฒœ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ๋Š” ์ง์žฅ ๋‚ด ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•™์ˆ  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ โ€˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผโ€™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ž์‹ ์ด โ€˜์ธ๊ฐ„ ๊ธฐ๋‹ˆํ”ผ๊ทธ(Human Guinea Pig)โ€˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด 90์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ผํ•˜๊ธฐ, ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ๋™์•ˆ TED ๊ฐ•์—ฐ 300ํŽธ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜๊ธฐ, 35์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ช…์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ธ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ป์€ โ€˜๊ฒฝํ—˜์  ํ†ต์ฐฐโ€™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ป์€ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€ ํ•œ๊ฒฐ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋กœ โ€œ๋” ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์ฃผ์˜, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋”์šฑ ์˜๋„์ ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •โ€์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

1. ์˜๋„์„ฑ(Intentionality): ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์—ด์‡ 

์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด ์˜๋„์„ฑ์€ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ์š”์†Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ด์Šคํ•˜ํ‚ค ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์›จ์ธ ๊ทธ๋ ˆ์ธ ํ‚ค(Wayne Gretzky)์˜ ๋ช…์–ธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ โ€œ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์Š›์€ 100% ์‹คํŒจํ•œ๋‹คโ€๋Š” ๋ง์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์„ฑ์ทจํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ ๋’ค์— ์˜๋„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ ์ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์˜๋„์„ฑ์„ โ€˜์˜๋„ ์Šคํƒ(Intention Stack)โ€˜์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์˜๋„ ์Šคํƒ(Intention Stack)์˜ ๊ณ„์ธต:

  1. ๊ฐ€์น˜(Values): ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊นŠ๊ณ  ํญ๋„“์€ ๋™๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์—ฌ์˜ ์›์ฒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, โ€˜์„ฑ์ทจโ€™๋‚˜ โ€˜๊ฐœ์ธ์  ์•ˆ์ •โ€™๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ถ์˜ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์ธ ์ง€ํ–ฅ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  2. ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„(Priorities): ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, โ€˜๋” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง€๊ธฐโ€™ ๋˜๋Š” โ€˜๋ˆ ๋” ๋ฒŒ๊ธฐโ€™์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‚ถ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์˜์—ญ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  3. ๋ชฉํ‘œ(Goals): ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ์—์„œ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‚ด๋Ÿฌํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, โ€˜๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์™„์ฃผโ€™๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  4. ๊ณ„ํš(Plans): ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ˜„์‹ค๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€˜์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ์— ๋ช‡ ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐโ€™์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  5. ํ˜„์žฌ ์˜๋„(Present Intentions): ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€˜์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ ์‹ฌ ์‹์‚ฌ ํ›„ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐโ€™์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์ผ ์˜๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด ์˜๋„ ์Šคํƒ์€ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, โ€˜๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์™„์ฃผโ€™๋ผ๋Š” ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” โ€˜๋” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง€๊ธฐโ€™๋ผ๋Š” ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„์™€ โ€˜์„ฑ์ทจโ€™๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์น˜์— ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ ์ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ์ผ์ผ ํ–‰๋™๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜๋„์„ฑ ๊ณ„์ธต์ด ์ •๋ ฌ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๋„์„ฑ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ์กฐํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๋„๋ก ์˜๋„๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋“ฌ๊ณ , ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€์™€ ๋”์šฑ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

1.1. ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์˜๋„: ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์˜๋„์™€ ์˜๋„์ ์ธ ์˜๋„

๋ฒ ์ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์˜๋„ ์œ ํ˜•์ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์˜๋„(Default Intentions): ์Šต๊ด€์ด๋‚˜ ์ž๋™ ์กฐ์ข… ๋ชจ๋“œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚ด๋ฉด์— ๋‚ด์žฌ๋œ ๊ณ„ํš์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์•„์นจ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์„ ์žก๊ณ  ์•ฑ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฅผ ์˜ค๊ฐ€๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์€ ๋ฌด์˜์‹์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์˜๋„์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ์˜๋„์ ์ธ ์˜๋„(Deliberate Intentions): ์˜์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์‚ฌ๋ ค ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ„ํš์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์นจ๋Œ€์—์„œ ์•ฑ์„ ์Šคํฌ๋กคํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ โ€œ์ข‹์•„, ์ด์ œ ํฐ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋†“๊ณ  ๋ญ˜ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€? ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ญ˜ ์–ป๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€?โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ์ž๋ฌธํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํŠน์ • ํ–‰๋™(์˜ค๋ฏˆ๋ › ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ, ์ฑ… ์ฝ๊ธฐ)์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜๋„์ ์ธ ์˜๋„๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ โ€˜๊นจ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„(moments of awakening)โ€˜์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋ชจ๋“œ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ์˜๋„์ ์ธ ๋ชจ๋“œ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ์ง€ ์„ ํƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ โ€œ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€?โ€๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ์„ฑ๊ณผ์™€ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ์ตœ์ ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ง‘์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ฌด์˜์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ โ€˜ํ™”ํโ€™๋ฅผ ์ตœ์ ํ™”ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์˜๋„์„ฑ์€ ํ•œ ๊ฑธ์Œ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์„œ์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ ํ–‰๋™์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

1.2. ์˜๋„์˜ ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์†์„ฑ

๋ชจ๋“  ์˜๋„๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์†์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  1. ์›์ฒœ(Source): ์˜๋„๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
    • ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ์š”์ธ: ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์žฅ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์šด์ „ ์ค‘ ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์— ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ํ•„์š”์— ์˜ํ•ด ํœด๊ฒŒ์†Œ์— ๋“ค๋ฅด๋ ค๋Š” ์˜๋„๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
    • ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ: ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์ด ํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ›„ ์ˆ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋„๋ฅผ ๋œ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
    • ํ•™์Šต๋œ ๊ตํ›ˆ: ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํŠน์ • ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์˜๋„๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
    • ์ž๊ธฐ ์„ฑ์ฐฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ: ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊นŠ์€ ์›์ฒœ์œผ๋กœ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ์‹ ๋…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜๋„๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  2. ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„(Duration): ์˜๋„๋Š” ์งง์€ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ธด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ ๋ฐœ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฌถ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์˜๋„(๋ช‡ ์ดˆ)๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค์„ ์™„์ฃผํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์˜๋„(๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ), ๋” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง€๋ ค๋Š” ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„(๋ช‡ ๋…„), ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•ˆ์ •๊ฐ์„ ๋А๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์น˜(ํ‰์ƒ)๊นŒ์ง€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  3. ๊ฐ•๋„(Strength): ์˜๋„์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„๋Š” โ€œ๊ทธ ์˜๋„๋ฅผ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์š•๊ตฌ(desire)โ€œ์—์„œ โ€œ๊ทธ ์˜๋„๋ฅผ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜์˜ค(aversion)โ€œ๋ฅผ ๋บ€ ๊ฐ’์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์š•๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜์˜ค๋ฅผ ์••๋„ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋™๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  4. ๊นŠ์ด(Depth): ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜๋„๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์†Œ์ค‘ํžˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ์ •๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊นŠ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ฒ ์ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ ์ฃผ๋„(Self-direction)์™€ ์พŒ๋ฝ(Pleasure)์„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์—, ํ—ฌ์Šค์žฅ์„ ์ŠคํŒŒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ–‰๋™์€ ๊นŠ๊ณ  ๋™๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ํ›„ ์‹ฌํ˜ˆ๊ด€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋„๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋™๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์—ฌ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ์˜๋„๋ฅผ ์ •๋ ฌ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด ๊นŠ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋”ํ•ด์ ธ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋ฒ ์ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ใ€Ž์˜๋„์ ์ธ ์‚ถใ€์—์„œ ๋‹จ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ โ€˜์˜๋„ ์Šคํƒ์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ณ„์ธต์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์˜๋„์ ์ธ ์˜๋„๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ์˜์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒโ€™์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ โ€˜3์˜ ๋ฒ•์น™(The Rule of Three)โ€˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์ผ ์•„์นจ โ€œ์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๊ฐ€?โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ , ๋งค์ฃผ ์ผ์š”์ผ์—๋Š” โ€œ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๊ฐ€?โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ผ์ผ ์˜๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๊ฐ„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์—, ์ฃผ๊ฐ„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์—, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

2. ๊ฐ€์น˜(Values): ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๋‚˜์นจ๋ฐ˜

์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํ•œ ์ด์œ  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ โ€˜๊ฐ€์น˜โ€™์™€ ์–ด๊ธ‹๋‚˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ ์ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ์ค‘์— ๋ฒ”๋žŒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์น˜ ๊ด€๋ จ ์กฐ์–ธ ์ค‘ ์ƒ๋‹น์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ณผํ•™์  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋น„ํŒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ดŒ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ธฐ์—… ์›Œํฌ์ˆ์—์„œ 100๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ๋ชฉ๋ก ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ๋ฅด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ€์น˜์— ๋™๊ทธ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์น˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒฌ๋กฌ ์Šˆ์›Œ์ธ (Shalom Schwarz) ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 1992๋…„์— ๊ฐœ์ฒ™ํ•œ โ€˜๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์ด๋ก (Theory of Fundamental Human Values)โ€˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ 12๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค๋งŒ ๊ฐ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ •๋„๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

2.1. ๊ฐ€์น˜์˜ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์ถ•

์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์–‘๊ทน์„ฑ์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  1. ํƒ€์ธ vs. ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ : ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํƒ€์ธ์„ ํ’์š”๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์„ ํ’์š”๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  2. ๋ณด์กด vs. ๋ณ€ํ™”: ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐœ์„ /๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์ถ• ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์ง€ํ–ฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

2.2. 12๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€์น˜(12 Fundamental Human Values)

์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” 12๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  1. ์ž๊ธฐ ์ฃผ๋„(Self-direction): ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ธธ์„ ๊ฐ€๊ณ , ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.
  2. ์ž๊ทน(Stimulation): ์ƒˆ๋กœ์›€๊ณผ ํฅ๋ถ„, ๋ชจํ—˜์„ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.
  3. ์พŒ๋ฝ(Pleasure): ๋ง›์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์‹์„ ๋จน๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ๋ชฉ์š•์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€์„ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.
  4. ์„ฑ์ทจ(Achievement): ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ผ์„ ์„ฑ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.
  5. ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ(Power): ์ž์›๊ณผ ํƒ€์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€๋ฐฐ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ. (ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ๋„, ์ด ๊ฐ€์น˜๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”๊ถŒ์„ ๋ง‰๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.)
  6. ์ฒด๋ฉด(Face): ๊ตด์š•์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ  ํƒ€์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋น„์น˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.
  7. ์•ˆ์ „(Security): ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ์•ˆ์ „๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์•ˆ์ „์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์•ˆ์ „์„ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.
  8. ์ „ํ†ต(Tradition): ์ž์‹ ์ด ์†ํ•œ ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ๊ทœ๋ฒ”๊ณผ ๊ด€์Šต์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.
  9. ์ˆœ์‘(Conformity): ํƒ€์ธ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์— ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.
  10. ๊ฒธ์†(Humility): ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์†์—์„œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ(๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์˜๋ฏธํ•จ)์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.
  11. ๋ณดํŽธ์ฃผ์˜(Universalism): ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ๋ณต์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.
  12. ์ž๋น„(Benevolence): ์นœ์ ˆํ•จ๊ณผ ํƒ€์ธ์„ ๋•๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.

์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๊ฐ€์น˜๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋А๋ผ๊ณ , ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋А๋ผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ง€์‹ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ ์ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋กœ โ€˜์ž๊ธฐ ์ฃผ๋„โ€™์™€ โ€˜์พŒ๋ฝโ€™์„ ๊ผฝ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

2.3. ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์ •๋ ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ

์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜์‹ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์˜๋„๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด โ€˜์ž๊ธฐ ์ฃผ๋„โ€™ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ํƒ€์ธ์„ ๋•๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด โ€˜์ž๋น„โ€™ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ โ€˜์˜๋„์ ์ธ ์˜๋„โ€™๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•  ๋•Œ, ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒ ์ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์น˜์— โ€˜์ข‹๊ณ  ๋‚˜์จโ€™์€ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ, ํŠน์ • ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ํŠน์ • ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋‚˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋” ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ์–ด๊ธ‹๋‚˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์˜ˆ์‹œ: ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑ

  • ์›๋ž˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ: โ€œ๋‹ค์Œ ์—ฐ๋„ ์ง์› ํ•ธ๋“œ๋ถ ์ž‘์„ฑโ€ (์ˆœ์‘ ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด ํ˜์˜ค๊ฐ์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ)
  • ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์ •๋ ฌ ๋ชฉํ‘œ: ๋‹น์‹ ์ด โ€˜์ž๋น„โ€™๋ฅผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธด๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ โ€œํ•ธ๋“œ๋ถ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹ ์ž… ์ง์›๋“ค์„ ๋ฉ˜ํ† ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ํ™˜์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐโ€๋กœ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฒ‰์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ์ง€๋ผ๋„, ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๊นŠ์€ ๋™๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ โ€œํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผโ€์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋А๋‚Œ์„ ์ค„์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์™€ ๊นŠ์ด ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์— ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์— ๋” ๋งž๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹ ํ˜ธ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

3. ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ: 4๋‹จ๊ณ„ ์—ฌ์ •

์˜๋„์„ฑ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋•๋Š” ์—ด์‡ ๋ผ๋ฉด, ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ถ์— ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ โ€˜์˜ˆ์ธก(prediction)โ€˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ์™€ ๊ณ„ํš๋œ ํ–‰๋™์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐˆ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋งค์šฐ ์„œํˆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž์›์ด๋‚˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ผ์‘ค์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ƒˆํ•ด ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์‹ค์˜ ๋ฒฝ์— ๋ถ€๋”ชํ˜€ ์‹ค๋ง์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒ ์ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋„๋ฆฌ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ โ€˜SMART ๋ชฉํ‘œ(Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Time-bound)โ€™ ์„ค์ • ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ง€์ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ•™์Šต ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ, ์ธก์ • ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ค‘๋ณต๋˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๊ธฐ์ค€ ์ž์ฒด์— ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ์˜๋„์ ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

3.1. ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์˜ 4๋‹จ๊ณ„

๋ฒ ์ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ 4๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  1. ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™”(Shape a Goal): ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ž์‹ ์ด ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  2. ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์‹คํ–‰(Act on the Goal): ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™”๋œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  3. ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์ˆ˜์ •(Edit the Goal): ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  4. ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์œ ์ง€(Maintain the Goal): ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

3.1.1. 1๋‹จ๊ณ„: ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™”(Shape a Goal)

๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ™”ํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋กœ โ€˜๊ฒฐ๊ณผ(outcome)โ€˜์™€ ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ โ€˜๊ณผ์ •(process)โ€˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ชฉํ‘œ(Outcome Goal): โ€œํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ๋กœ ์ƒˆ ๊ณก์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒโ€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ๊ณผ์ • ๋ชฉํ‘œ(Process Goal): โ€œ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ์— ๋งค์ผ 20๋ถ„์”ฉ ์ƒˆ ๊ณก์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒโ€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์• ๋‹ˆ ๋”œ๋Ÿฌ๋“œ(Annie Dillard)์˜ โ€œ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๊ณง ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋‹คโ€๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข…์ข… ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” โ€˜์ผ์ฐ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐโ€™์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฒ‰์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฉ‹์žˆ์–ด ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” โ€˜์„ธํ”ผ์•„ ํ†ค์˜ ํ™˜์ƒ(sepia-toned fantasies)โ€˜์— ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žกํžˆ๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๊ทธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ƒ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ชจ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌํ˜„๋˜๋Š”์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

3.1.2. 2๋‹จ๊ณ„: ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์‹คํ–‰(Act on the Goal)

๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•  ๋•Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” โ€˜์š•๊ตฌ(desire)โ€˜์™€ โ€˜ํ˜์˜ค(aversion)โ€™ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ท ํ˜•์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์š•๊ตฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์›€์ง์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๊ทธ๋ผ๋“ค๊ธฐ ๋งˆ๋ จ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ํ˜์˜ค๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ˜์˜ค(Aversion)๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์ธ:

  1. ์ง€๋ฃจํ•จ(Boring): ์žฌ๋ฏธ์—†๋Š” ์ผ.
  2. ์ขŒ์ ˆ๊ฐ(Frustrating): ๋œป๋Œ€๋กœ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์งœ์ฆ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ.
  3. ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•จ(Unpleasant): ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹ซ์€ ์ผ.
  4. ๋ฌด๊ตฌ์กฐ์„ฑ(Unstructured): ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ๋ง‰๋ง‰ํ•œ ์ผ.
  5. ๋จผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜(Far away in the future): ๋‹น์žฅ์˜ ๋ณด์ƒ์ด ์—†์–ด ๋ฉ€๊ฒŒ ๋А๊ปด์ง€๋Š” ์ผ.
  6. ๋ฌด์˜๋ฏธํ•จ(Meaningless): ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ผ.

๋ฒ ์ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” โ€œ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ฏธ๋ฃฌ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ ์ด๋‹คโ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์„ฑ์ธ์˜ 15~20%, ํ•™์ƒ์˜ 3๋ถ„์˜ 1์ด ๋งŒ์„ฑ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” 99%์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ๋ฃฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ธ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฏธ๋ฃจ๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๋žต:

  • ์ €ํ•ญ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ(Shrink your resistance): 45๋ถ„ ๋ช…์ƒ์ด ๋ถ€๋‹ด์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋ฉด, 10๋ถ„๋งŒ ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ผ๋‹จ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ €ํ•ญ๊ฐ์€ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ํ˜์˜ค ์œ ๋ฐœ ์š”์ธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ:
    • ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด: ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
    • ์ขŒ์ ˆ๊ฐ์„ ๋А๋‚€๋‹ค๋ฉด: ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์Œ๋ฃŒ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
    • ๋จผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด: ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ(milestone goals)๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฑ…์ž„ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ(accountability partner)๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ์„ธ์š”.
  • ํ˜์˜ค ์ €๋„๋ง(Aversion Journaling): ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹ซ์€ ์ผ์„ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์™œ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹ซ์€์ง€ ์ €๋„์— ์“ฐ๋Š” ์„ ํƒ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ ๊ทธ ์ผ์ด ๋”์ฐํ•œ์ง€, ์™œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์€์ง€ ์†”์งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋‚ด๋ฉด์˜ ๋งค๋“ญ์„ ํ’€์–ด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

3.1.3. 3๋‹จ๊ณ„: ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์ˆ˜์ •(Edit the Goal)

๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์— ์ง„์ „์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹ ํ˜ธ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ ์ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” โ€œํ•™์Šต ๋ชจ๋“œ(learning mode)โ€œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๊ณ , ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ์ง€ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํŽธ์ง‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋ชฉ๋ก(Goal Inventory) ํ™œ์šฉ:

  • ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋ชฉ๋ก: ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•œ ๋ชฉ๋ก์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ ์ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์ฃผ ์ผ์š”์ผ์— ์ด ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ๋ชฉ๋ก์˜ ๋ชฉ์ : ์ง‘์•ˆ์ผ, ์—…๋ฌด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๋“ฑ ๋จธ๋ฆฟ์†์— ํฉ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋“ค์„ ํ•œ๊ณณ์— ๋ชจ์•„ ์ธ์ง€ ๋ถ€ํ•˜(cognitive overhead)๋ฅผ ์ค„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ํ™œ์šฉ๋ฒ•: ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฐ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€, ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์ฃผ์˜, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์„ธ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์šด๋™ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ ์šด๋™ ์ผ์ •์„ ์žก๊ณ , ์นœ๊ตฌ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ์— ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ ์ปคํ”ผ ์•ฝ์†์„ ์žก๋Š” ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

3.1.4. 4๋‹จ๊ณ„: ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์œ ์ง€(Maintain the Goal)

๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•œ ํ›„์—๋„ ๊ทธ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋„์ „์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž˜ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์–ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹น์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ชฉํ‘œ ์œ ์ง€ ์ „๋žต:

  • ์œ ์ง€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ(Maintenance Goal) ์„ค์ •: ๋ช…์ƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ผ๋ฉด, โ€˜์œ ์ง€ ๋ชฉํ‘œโ€™๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋ชฉ๋ก์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ์„ฑ์ทจ ์ถ•ํ•˜(Celebrate Accomplishments): ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•œ ํ›„์—๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ง›์žˆ๋Š” ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ ‘ ๋“ฑ, ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์„ฑ์ทจ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
  • ์„ฑ์ทจ ๋ชฉ๋ก(Accomplishments List) ์ž‘์„ฑ: ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชฉ๋ก์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•œ ์ž‘์€ ์„ฑ์ทจ๋ผ๋„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋ฉด ๋™๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์—ฌ์— ํฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

4. ์ง‘์ค‘๋ ฅ: ์ฃผ์˜ ์‚ฐ๋งŒ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€์—

์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋งค์šฐ ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ๋งŒํ•ด์ง€๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ(AI) ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ทจํ–ฅ์„ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์›€(novelty)์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ ํ˜นํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‡Œ์—๋Š” โ€˜์ƒˆ๋กœ์›€ ํŽธํ–ฅ(novelty bias)โ€˜์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์–ด, ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ณ  ์‹ ๊ธฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ ‘ํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋„ํŒŒ๋ฏผ(dopamine)์ด ๋ถ„๋น„๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ์Šคํƒ€๊ทธ๋žจ, ๋‰ด์Šค, ํ‹ฑํ†ก, ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋„ํŒŒ๋ฏผ ๋ณด์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๋งˆํฌ(Gloria Mark) ๊ต์ˆ˜์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์•ž์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ํ‰๊ท  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๊ณ ์ž‘ 40์ดˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์ด ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” 35์ดˆ๋กœ ๋” ์งง์•„


โ€œCodex Taught Me How to Play Pianoโ€ โ€” Every ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ์›๋ณธ ์˜์ƒ ๋ณด๊ธฐ

AI ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ ๊ต์‚ฌ: ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์—ด์–ด์ค€ ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ์™€ ์Œ์•… ์ด๋ก ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง€ํ‰

์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ(AI)์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ ๊ณณ๊ณณ์— ์Šค๋ฉฐ๋“ค์–ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ˜์‹ ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ํ•™์Šต ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ AI๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธํ™”๋œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๊ณผ ๊นŠ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์—ด์–ด์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ, AI ๋„๊ตฌ์ธ ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค(Codex)๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ์™€ ์Œ์•… ์ด๋ก ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ•œ ํ•œ ๋‚จ์ž์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ์ž์‹ ๋งŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ๊ต์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์Œ์•…์  ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ์„ ์ถฉ์กฑ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ๋งน๋ชฉ์ ์ธ ์—ฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด ์Œ์•…์˜ โ€˜์™œโ€™๋ฅผ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ์˜ ์ขŒ์ ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ฑ์ธ์ด ๋œ ํ›„์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ ‘๊ทผ

ํ™”์ž๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ฉด์„œ ํฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์žฌ์ฆˆ ์Œ์•…์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋˜ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋ฎค์ง€์…˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์› ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฒ”์ ์ธ ํ•™์ƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฌ์ฆˆ ํ”ผ์•„๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์•…๊ธฐ๋“  ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ ค๋ฉด ๋์—†์ด ์Šค์ผ€์ผ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ์ € ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹ซ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋ฅธ์ด ๋œ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ์™€ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋“ฑ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์•…๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ์Œ์•…์€ ๊ทธ์ € ์ตœ๊ณ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐˆ์ฆ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ณก์ด๋“  ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋‹ด๊ธด ์˜์ƒ์ด ๋„˜์ณ๋‚˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ โ€˜์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒโ€™ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถœ ๋ฟ, โ€˜์™œโ€™ ๊ทธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€์ง€, ๊ทธ ๋’ค์— ์–ด๋–ค ์Œ์•… ์ด๋ก ์ด ์ˆจ์–ด์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์Œ์•…์˜ โ€˜์™œโ€™๋ฅผ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๋‹ค

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐˆ์ฆ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด ์ค€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™”์ž๋Š” ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์Œ์•…์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ด ์ •๋ง ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ทน์ฐฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ฆ‰์„ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ ์•ฑ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ: ์ฝ”๋“œ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™”

๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ์ผ์€ ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์š”์ฒญ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ๋ฅผ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•  ๊ฑด๋ฐ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ˜ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์•ฑ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?โ€ ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค๋Š” ์ด ์š”์ฒญ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ์•ฑ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ ๊ฑด๋ฐ˜์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ํ‚ค๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๋Š”์ง€ ํ™”๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์Œ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€๋„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์•ฑ์€ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ํ˜๋ช…๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ „์—๋Š” ๋งน๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด๋ฐ˜์„ ๋ˆŒ๋ €๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด์ œ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋’ค์— ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ง„ ์Œ์•… ์ด๋ก ์„ ๋น„๋กœ์†Œ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ํ”ผ์•„๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ ์ธ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณก ๋ถ„์„: ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋งฅ์ปฌํŒŒ์ธ์˜ โ€˜Olderโ€™ ์‚ฌ๋ก€

ํ™”์ž๋Š” ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋งฅ์ปฌํŒŒ์ธ(Lizzy McAlpine)์˜ โ€˜Olderโ€™๋ผ๋Š” ๊ณก์„ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฉฐ ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค์˜ ํ™œ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ณก์€ ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ๋กœ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋„, ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ์—๋„ ์ •๋ง ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๊ณก์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ณก์˜ ํ”ผ์•„๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ์ธ ํ…Œ์ผ๋Ÿฌ ๋งฅ์ฝœ(Taylor McCall)์€ ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋งฅ์ปฌํŒŒ์ธ์˜ ์ฑ„๋„์— ์ง์ ‘ ์—ฐ์ฃผ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ฃผ๋Š” ์˜์ƒ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณก์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋งŒ์กฑ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๊ณก์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ž‘์€ ๊ธฐ๊ต(flourish)๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ ํ…Œ์ผ๋Ÿฌ ๋งฅ์ฝœ์ด โ€˜๋ฌด์—‡์„โ€™ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  โ€˜์™œโ€™ ๊ทธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€์ง€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ทธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•  ๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ . ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐ๋™์ ์ธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณก์—์„œ๋„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ถ€์กฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๋‹ค: ์ฝ”๋“œ ์ง„ํ–‰๊ณผ ์Œ์•… ์ด๋ก  ํ•ด์„ค

๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ์ง€์ ์—์„œ ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ง„๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์š”์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œ๋…น์Œ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค์—๊ฒŒ โ€˜์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค˜. ๊ทธ ๋’ค์— ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ง„ ์Œ์•… ์ด๋ก ์ด ๋ญ์•ผ? ์ฝ”๋“œ ์ง„ํ–‰์€? ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ํŠน์ง•์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ?โ€˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€

๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ โ€˜๊ธฐ๊ตโ€™ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•œ ํ›„ ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์š”์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค๋Š” ์ฆ‰์‹œ ๋ถ„์„์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด โ€˜A ํ”Œ๋žซ ์• ๋“œ ๋‚˜์ธ(A-flat add nine)์—์„œ A ํ”Œ๋žซ ์„œ์Šค ํˆฌ(A-flat sus two)๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ง„ํ–‰โ€™์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ โ€˜4๋„ ์ฝ”๋“œ์—์„œ 1๋„ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ง„ํ–‰โ€™์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์Œ์•… ์ด๋ก ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ๊ฐ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋Š” ์Šค์ผ€์ผ(์Œ๊ณ„) ์ƒ์—์„œ ํŠน์ • ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด C ์Šค์ผ€์ผ์—์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์Œ์€ C, ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” D์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฒ‰๋ณด๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ•ด ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ G ์ƒคํ”„ ์ฝ”๋“œ(G sharp chord)์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด G ์ƒคํ”„ ์ฝ”๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด๋ฐ˜ ์œ„์—์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํŽผ์ณ์ ธ ์—ฐ์ฃผ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์Œ์•… ์ด๋ก ์—์„œ A ํ”Œ๋žซ๊ณผ G ์ƒคํ”„๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ์Œ์„ ์ง€์นญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.)

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ™”์ž๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋ฐ˜ ์œ„์—์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํŽผ์ณ์„œ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” โ€˜๋ˆ„๋“ค๋ง(noodling, ์ฆ‰ํฅ ์—ฐ์ฃผ)โ€™ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ด๋ก ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ด ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‚ค๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์—๋„ ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•™์Šต์˜ ํ™•์žฅ: โ€˜์™œโ€™๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ

ํ™”์ž๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ฑ์„ ์ง€์ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ข‹์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด โ€˜์™œโ€™ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์Œ์•…์—์„œ ์ถœ๋ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” โ€˜์ด์œ โ€™๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ , ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ง€์‹์„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค๋Š” ๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ทธ์˜ ํ•™์Šต ์—ฌ์ •์— ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ ์˜์ƒ ๋ถ„์„๊นŒ์ง€: โ€˜Root Shell Prettyโ€™ ์˜ˆ์‹œ

์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ทธ์˜ ์—ฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ ์ฑ„๋„ โ€˜์˜คํ”ˆ ์ŠคํŠœ๋””์˜ค(Open Studio)โ€˜์˜ โ€˜๋ฃจํŠธ ์‰˜ ํ”„๋ฆฌํ‹ฐ(Root Shell Pretty)โ€˜๋ผ๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต๋ฒ• ์˜์ƒ์„ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ช…๋ นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œ์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ์—ด์–ด์„œ ๋ณด๊ณ , ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด ์ค€ ๋‹ค์Œ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ค˜.โ€

์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค๋Š” ๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ โ€˜์•„ํ‹€๋ผ์Šค(Atlas)โ€˜์—์„œ ์—ด์–ด ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™”์ž๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ  โ€œ๋งˆ์น˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹คโ€๋ผ๊ณ  ํ‘œํ˜„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊นŒ์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธํ™”๋œ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

AI ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ํ•™์Šต ํ˜๋ช…: ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ ๋งŽ์€ ์ด๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๋„๊ตฌ

๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ™”์ž๋Š” ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ โ€˜๊ด€์‹ฌ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด ํ•˜๋Š”โ€™ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‹จ์–ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋•์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ AI ๋„๊ตฌ์˜ ๋“ฑ์žฅ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์•ฑ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์•…๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์—ฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋…น์Œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๊ทธ ์™ธ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“ , ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค ๊ฐ™์€ AI ๋„๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•™์Šต ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ˜์‹ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์ € ์ฝ”๋ฑ์Šค๋ฅผ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์•ฑ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ ๋„์™€๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ™”์ž์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์€ AI๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ž๋™ํ™” ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด, ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ์„ ์ž๊ทนํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ฌ์ธต์ ์ธ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋•๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ํ•™์Šต ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. AI ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ •ํ•ด์ง„ ์ปค๋ฆฌํ˜๋Ÿผ์— ๊ฐ‡ํžˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์™€ ์†๋„์— ๋งž์ถฐ ๋ฌดํ•œํ•œ ์ง€์‹์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํƒํ—˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด, Every๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. Every๋Š” AI์˜ ์ตœ์ „์„ ์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๊ตฌ๋… ์„œ๋น„์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


โ€œA Surge of U.S. Spy Planes Over Cuba, and Retailersโ€™ $20 Billion Bet on Physical Storesโ€ โ€” New York Times Podcasts ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ์›๋ณธ ์˜์ƒ ๋ณด๊ธฐ

๊ฒฉ๋ž‘์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€: ์ฟ ๋ฐ” ์ƒ๊ณต์˜ ๊ฐ์‹œ๋ง, ๋ฏธ์ค‘ ๋ฌด์—ญ์˜ ์ค„๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ํ†ต์—…๊ณ„์˜ 200์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜คํ”„๋ผ์ธ ์Šน๋ถ€์ˆ˜

์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์†Œ์šฉ๋Œ์ด ์†์— ๋†“์—ฌ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€์ •ํ•™์  ๊ธด์žฅ์€ ๊ณ ์กฐ๋˜๊ณ , ์ฃผ์š” ๊ฐ•๋Œ€๊ตญ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์–ฝํžˆ๊ณ ์„ค์ผœ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋„์ „์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ฟ ๋ฐ” ์••๋ฐ•์œผ๋กœ ์‹ฌํ™”๋œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฏธ์ค‘ ๋ฌด์—ญ ํ˜‘์ƒ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ ์ค„๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ํ†ต์—…๊ณ„์˜ ๋Œ€๋‹ดํ•œ ์˜คํ”„๋ผ์ธ ๋งค์žฅ ํˆฌ์ž์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์†Œ์‹๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ๋‹จ๋ฉด์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋‰ด์š•ํƒ€์ž„์Šค ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณด๋„๋œ ์ฃผ์š” ์ด์Šˆ๋“ค์„ ์‹ฌ์ธต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ƒํ™ฉ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ฟ ๋ฐ” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์œ„๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฐ์‹œ ๊ฐ•ํ™”

์นด๋ฆฌ๋ธŒํ•ด์˜ ์„ฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ฟ ๋ฐ”๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋™์‹œ์— ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ธด์žฅ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์กฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์••๋ฐ• ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์ด ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋ฉด์„œ, ์ฟ ๋ฐ”์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋‚œ์€ ์ž„๊ณ„์ ์— ๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์‹ฌํ™”๋˜๋Š” ์ฟ ๋ฐ”์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋‚œ

์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋…ธํ›„ํ™”๋œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ์™€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ •์ „ ์‚ฌํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช์–ด์™”๋˜ ์ฟ ๋ฐ”๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ์ „ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ์„ฌ์œผ๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์„์œ  ์„ ์ ์„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋”์šฑ ์•…ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฟ ๋ฐ” ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์ž๊ตญ์˜ ์„์œ  ๋น„์ถ•๋Ÿ‰์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ถ€ ์žฅ๊ด€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ˆ˜๋„ ํ•˜๋ฐ”๋‚˜์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฃจ 20~22์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ „๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋Š๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์šด๋ฐ˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ํŠธ๋Ÿญ๋งˆ์ €๋„ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด ์šดํ–‰์„ ๋ฉˆ์ท„๊ณ , ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ๋”์œ„๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•ด ์˜ฅ์ƒ์—์„œ ์ž ์„ ์ž๊ณ  ์Œ์‹ ์กฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆฏ์ด๋‚˜ ์žฅ์ž‘์„ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ์ƒ์กด์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณ ๊ตฐ๋ถ„ํˆฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ฟ ๋ฐ” ์ƒ๊ณต์„ ๋’ค๋ฎ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฐ์‹œ ๋น„ํ–‰

์ฟ ๋ฐ”๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ชธ์‚ด์„ ์•“๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ, ์ฟ ๋ฐ” ์ƒ๊ณต์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ตฐ์šฉ๊ธฐ์˜ ํ™œ๋™์ด ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตฐ ๊ด€๊ณ„์ž๋“ค์€ ๋‰ด์š•ํƒ€์ž„์Šค์— ๋“œ๋ก ๊ณผ ๊ฐ์‹œ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ •์ฐฐ ๋น„ํ–‰์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ์•ˆ์— ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋” ํฐ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ•์ด ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์˜ ์ผํ™˜์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ „ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด ์ฟ ๋ฐ” ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋“ค์„ ๋„์ฒญํ•˜๊ณ , ์ฟ ๋ฐ” ์ •๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์˜๋„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฒฉํ™”๋˜๋Š” ์™ธ๊ต์  ์••๋ฐ•

์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ, ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ณด๊ตญ(CIA) ๊ตญ์žฅ์ด ์ง์ ‘ ์ฟ ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ  ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋“ค์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฟ ๋ฐ”๊ฐ€ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์™€ ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ์ •๋ณด ๊ธฐ์ง€ ์šด์˜์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ , ์ฟ ๋ฐ” ๊ณต์‚ฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๊ฐœํ˜์„ ๋‹จํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์š”๊ตฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฐœํ˜์„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๋ช…์‹œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฐฐํ›„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฟ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ ๋น„๋ฐ€ ํ˜‘์ƒ์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฟ ๋ฐ”๋Š” ์ž๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด โ€˜๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ํ•™์‚ด์ โ€™์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋น„๋‚œํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ด‰์‡„๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ๋๋‚ด์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ ์ฟ ๋ฐ”์— โ€˜์ •๊ถŒ ๊ต์ฒด(regime change)โ€˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฟ ๋ฐ”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด โ€œ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ์ ๋ นํ•  ๊ฒƒโ€์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์ฟ ๋ฐ” ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ธด์žฅ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๊ณ ์กฐ์— ๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ชฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฏธ์ค‘ ๋ฌด์—ญ ํ˜‘์ƒ: ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์™€ ํ˜„์‹ค ์‚ฌ์ด

ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์ค‘๊ตญ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ์€ ์–‘๊ตญ ๊ด€๊ณ„์˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋‹จ๋ฉด์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ์˜€์ง€๋งŒ, ์ฃผ์š” ์Ÿ์ ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์€ ๋„์ถœ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ ์ค‘๊ตญ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ ์„ฑ๊ณผ

ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ ์‹œ์ง„ํ•‘ ์ค‘๊ตญ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ฃผ์„๊ณผ์˜ ๋งŒ๋‚จ์—์„œ โ€œ์‹œ์ง„ํ•‘ ์ฃผ์„์€ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹คโ€๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐฌ์‚ฌ์™€ ์นœ๋ฐ€ํ•จ์„ ๊ณผ์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ ์ฃผ์„ ๋˜ํ•œ ์–‘๊ตญ์ด ์ ๋Œ€์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ โ€˜ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆโ€™๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์กฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์ธ ์นญ์ฐฌ๊ณผ ์ƒํˆฌ์ ์ธ ์ธ์‚ฌ๋ง์ด ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฌด์—ญ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์—ฟ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ ์ค‘๊ตญ์ด ๋ณด์ž‰์‚ฌ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 200๋Œ€์˜ ํ•ญ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฐํ˜”๊ณ , ์ค‘๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‚ฐ ์‡ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜์ž…์„ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋ฌด์—ญ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–‘์ธก ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ง€๋‚œํ•ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ โ€˜์ฃผ๊ณ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋ณด๋ณต์„ฑ ๋ฌด์—ญ ์ „์Ÿ(tit-for-tat trade war)โ€˜์œผ๋กœ ํšŒ๊ท€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค๋Š” ์˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹œ ๋ฌด์—ญ ์ „์Ÿ์€ ์ฒœ์ •๋ถ€์ง€๋กœ ์น˜์†Ÿ์€ ๊ด€์„ธ์™€ ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ํฌํ† ๋ฅ˜(rare earth minerals) ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋ง ํ†ต์ œ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ํŠน์ง•์ง€์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ 9์›” ๋ง ์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด์—์„œ ์‹œ ์ฃผ์„์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ดˆ์ฒญํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ํšŒ๋‹ด์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๊ณ„ํš์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฐํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์—ฌ์ „ํ•œ ์ฃผ์š” ์Ÿ์ ๋“ค

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ๋‹จ์€ ๋ฒ ์ด์ง•์„ ๋– ๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ ์–‘๊ตญ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์Ÿ์ ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฑ์•…๊ด€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์–‘์ธก์€ ์ด๋ž€๊ณผ ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ฌด์ฆˆ ํ•ดํ˜‘(Strait of Hormuz)์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ค‘๊ตญ์ด ๋™๋งน๊ตญ์ธ ์ด๋ž€์— ์••๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•ด ํ•ดํ˜‘์„ ์žฌ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋„์šธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง•ํ›„๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์–‘๊ตญ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ์•ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด๋ž€ ์ „์Ÿ๊ณผ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„์ธ ํ”ผํ•ด ๋…ผ๋ž€

๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜ํšŒ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋ž€ ์ „์Ÿ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„์ธ ํ”ผํ•ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ๋ž€๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ „์Ÿ ์ข…์‹ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ๊ณ„์†๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฏธ๊ตฐ ์‚ฌ๋ น๊ด€์˜ ์ƒ์› ์ฆ์–ธ

์ƒ์› ์ฒญ๋ฌธํšŒ์—์„œ ์ด๋ž€ ์ „์Ÿ์„ ์ด๊ด„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ž˜๋“œ ์ฟ ํผ ์ œ๋…์€ ์ด๋ž€ ๋‚ด ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„์ธ ์‚ฌ๋ง ๋ณด๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์ถ•ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” โ€œ22๊ฐœ ํ•™๊ต๊ฐ€ ํƒ€๊ฒฉ๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ณ‘์›์ด ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐœ๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ƒโ€๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด โ€œ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์—†๋‹ค. ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์ง•ํ›„๋„ ์—†๋‹คโ€๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฟ ํผ ์ œ๋…์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์•„๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„์ธ ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์€ ํ•™๊ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ž€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€ ์ด ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ 175๋ช…์ด ์‚ฌ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ฟ ํผ ์ œ๋…์˜ ๋ฐœ์–ธ์€ ๋‰ด์š•ํƒ€์ž„์Šค๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์ธ๊ถŒ ๋‹จ์ฒด ๋ฐ ์–ธ๋ก ์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ๋ณด๋„์™€๋Š” ๊ทน๋ช…ํ•œ ๋Œ€์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃน๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„์ธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฌผ์„ ํƒ€๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„์ธ์„ ์‚ดํ•ด ๋ฐ ๋ถ€์ƒ์‹œํ‚จ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜๋Š” ์ „์Ÿ์˜ ํˆฌ๋ช…์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„์ธ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์˜ํšŒ์˜ ์ „์Ÿ ์ข…์‹ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ ์ขŒ์ ˆ

ํ•œํŽธ, ํ•˜์›์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋‹น์ด ์ด๋ž€ ์ „์Ÿ์„ ๊ฐ•์ œ๋กœ ์ข…์‹์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ์ €์ง€๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณตํ™”๋‹น์ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์›€์ง์ž„์„ ์ €์ง€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋ฒˆ์ด 10๋ฒˆ์งธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ฒฐ์˜์•ˆ์€ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ์ „์Ÿ์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์˜ํšŒ์˜ ์Šน์ธ์„ ๋ฐ›๋„๋ก ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋‹ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์กฐ์น˜๊ฐ€ ํ†ต๊ณผ๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ํฌ๋ฐ•ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋‹น์€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋‹ค์งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์—ฌ๋ก ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ „์Ÿ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ณตํ™”๋‹น์ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž…์žฅ์„ ํ‘œ๋ช…ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์••๋ฐ•ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์˜๋„๋กœ ํ’€์ด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์œ ํ†ต์—…๊ณ„์˜ ๋Œ€๋‹ดํ•œ ์˜คํ”„๋ผ์ธ ๋งค์žฅ ํˆฌ์ž

์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์‡ผํ•‘์˜ ๊ธ‰์ฆ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์œ ํ†ต ์ฒด์ธ๋“ค์€ ์˜คํ”„๋ผ์ธ ๋งค์žฅ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์žฌ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋ฆฌ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ์œ ํ†ต ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์˜ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋ฆฌ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง

์›”๋งˆํŠธ, ํƒ€๊ฒŸ, ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ œ๋„ˆ๋Ÿด ๋“ฑ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋Œ€ํ˜• ์œ ํ†ต ์ฒด์ธ๋“ค์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋งค์žฅ์„ ๋ฆฌ๋ชจ๋ธ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์šด์˜์„ ๊ฐ„์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ ๊ฐ์„ ์œ ์น˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์˜ ์ผํ™˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „๊ตญ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์›”๋งˆํŠธ์™€ ํƒ€๊ฒŸ ๋งค์žฅ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ์˜๋ฅ˜ ์„น์…˜์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง„์—ด๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๋Œ€๋Œ€์ ์ธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊พ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ โ€œ์–ธ์ œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์›”๋งˆํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ–ˆ์ง€?โ€๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ์ •๋„๋กœ ํŒŒ๊ฒฉ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์˜คํ”„๋ผ์ธ ๋งค์žฅ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์žฌ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ

๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋“ค ๊ธฐ์—…์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋งค์žฅ์— ์ง์ ‘ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์—ฌ ์‡ผํ•‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋น„์‹ผ ๋„๋ฐ•์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ํ†ต์—…๊ณ„ ๊ฒฝ์˜์ง„๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ๋ฌด๋ถ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์‡ผํ•‘์€ ๋ถ„๋ช… ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ „์ฒด ์†Œ๋งค ํŒ๋งค์˜ 20% ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ ์†Œ๋งค ๋ถ„์„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•ํƒ€์ž„์Šค์— ์พŒ์ ํ•œ ๋งค์žฅ ๋‚ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ๋„ ์‡ผํ•‘ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์œ ๋„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์˜คํ”„๋ผ์ธ ๋งค์žฅ์ด ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ํŒ๋งค ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋„˜์–ด ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์˜ ํ—ˆ๋ธŒ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์„ธ๊ธˆ ํ˜œํƒ์ด ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ํˆฌ์ž

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฆฌ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง์—๋Š” ์žฌ์ •์ ์ธ ์ด์ ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๋‚œํ•ด ์˜ํšŒ๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•œ โ€˜์› ๋น… ๋ทฐํ‹ฐํ’€ ๋นŒ ๋ฒ•์•ˆ(One Big Beautiful Bill Act)โ€˜์—๋Š” ์ž๋ณธ ํˆฌ์ž(capital investments)๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ธˆ ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์ด ์ด ํ˜œํƒ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์›€์ง์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋ฆฌ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ˜• ์œ ํ†ต์—…์ฒด๋“ค์€ ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋ช‡ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋ฆฌ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง์— ์ตœ์†Œ 200์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ถœํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์˜คํ”„๋ผ์ธ ๋งค์žฅ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ ํ†ต์—…๊ณ„์˜ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ง€ํ‘œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‚˜์น˜ ์•ฝํƒˆ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ํ’ˆ์˜ ๊ท€ํ™˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ

ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜ค๋ฅด์„ธ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€(Musรฉe dโ€™Orsay)์€ ๋ฅด๋ˆ„์•„๋ฅด, ๋“œ๊ฐ€, ๋กœ๋Œ• ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์„ ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ „์‹œํšŒ๋ฅผ ์—ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์ „์‹œ์˜ ์ฃผ๋œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์„ ๊ณผ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์ •๋‹นํ•œ ์†Œ์œ ์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์˜ค๋ฅด์„ธ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€์˜ ํŠน๋ณ„ ์ „์‹œ

์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ „์‹œ์— ์ „์‹œ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜ˆ์ˆ ํ’ˆ์€ ์ œ2์ฐจ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Œ€์ „ ์ค‘ ๋‚˜์น˜ ์ ๋ น ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž ์žฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„๋‚œ๋‹นํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์Ÿ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋‚˜์น˜์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ˆ˜๋งŒ ์ ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ํ’ˆ์ด ์•ฝํƒˆ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•์••์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ํŒ๋งค๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ƒ๋‹น์ˆ˜๋Š” โ€˜๋ชจ๋‰ด๋จผ์ธ  ๋งจ(Monuments Men)โ€˜์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์—ฐํ•ฉ๊ตฐ ๋ถ€๋Œ€์— ์˜ํ•ด ํšŒ์ˆ˜๋˜์–ด ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์†Œ์œ ๊ถŒ ๋…ผ๋ž€

์ˆ˜๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋“ค์€ ์›๋ž˜ ์†Œ์œ ์ฃผ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์•ฝ 2,000์ ์˜ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์€ ์•„์ง ์†Œ์œ ๊ถŒ(provenance)์ด ํ™•๋ฆฝ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€๋“ค์ด ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์— ๋” ์ ๊ทน์ ์ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋น„ํŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅด์„ธ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•  ๋งŒํ•œ ์ ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๋“ค์ด ์•ž๋ฉด๊ณผ ๋’ท๋ฉด์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ „์‹œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€ ์ธก์€ ๊ด€๋žŒ๊ฐ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ ๋’ท๋ฉด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œ์‹œ๋‚˜ ์Šคํƒฌํ”„๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์ด ์›๋ž˜ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌธํ™”์œ ์‚ฐ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ฟ ๋ฐ”์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์œ„๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฏธ์ค‘ ๊ด€๊ณ„์˜ ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ, ์ „์Ÿ์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ž, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ํ†ต์—…๊ณ„์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ „๋žต, ๋ฌธํ™”์œ ์‚ฐ ๋ณด์กด ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์†Œ์‹๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ ๋‹ค์ธต์ ์ธ ๋„์ „์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค์€ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์—ญ๋™์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ƒํ˜ธ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ, ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ํŽผ์ณ์งˆ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊นŠ์€ ํ†ต์ฐฐ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


โ€œThe college dream is falling apart | The Gray Areaโ€ โ€” Vox ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ์›๋ณธ ์˜์ƒ ๋ณด๊ธฐ

โ€™๊ฟˆ์˜ ์ง์žฅโ€™์€ ์˜›๋ง? ์ขŒ์ ˆํ•œ ๋Œ€์กธ์ž๋“ค์˜ โ€˜๋ฐ˜๋ž€โ€™์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋‹ค

ํ•œ๋•Œ โ€˜๊ณจ๋“œ ์นผ๋ผ(Gold Collar)โ€˜๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต์˜ ์ƒ์ง•์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์กŒ๋˜ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—…์žฅ์ด ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋ฐ์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๋‚œ 20๋…„๊ฐ„, ํŠนํžˆ 2008๋…„ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ธˆ์œต ์œ„๊ธฐ ์ดํ›„ ๋Œ€์กธ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ „๋ง์€ ์•ฝ์†๋ฐ›์•˜๋˜ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์น˜์— ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ชป ๋ฏธ์น˜๋ฉฐ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‰ด์š•ํƒ€์ž„์Šค ๋…ธ๋™ ์ „๋ฌธ ๊ธฐ์ž์ด์ž ์‹ ๊ฐ„ ใ€Ž๋ฎคํ‹ฐ๋‹ˆ: ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ต์œก ๋ฐ›์€ ๋…ธ๋™๊ณ„๊ธ‰์˜ ๋ถ€์ƒ๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜๋ž€(Mutiny: The Rise and Revolt of the College Educated Working Class)ใ€์˜ ์ €์ž์ธ ๋…ธ์•” ์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„(Noam Shyber)๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ โ€˜๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ต์œก ๋ฐ›์€ ๋…ธ๋™๊ณ„๊ธ‰โ€™์˜ โ€˜๋ฐ˜๋ž€โ€™์œผ๋กœ ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ขŒํŒŒ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์šธ๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋™์กฐํ•ฉ ์šด๋™์— ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ํŒŒ๊ธ‰๋ ฅ์„ ์‹ฌ์ธต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ: ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” โ€˜๊ณจ๋“œ ์นผ๋ผโ€™์˜ ๊ฟˆ

๋Œ€์กธ์ž๋“ค์˜ โ€˜ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ๊ธฐโ€™๋Š” ๋๋‚ฌ๋‹ค

์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ใ€Ž๋ฎคํ‹ฐ๋‹ˆใ€์—์„œ 2008~2009๋…„ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ธˆ์œต ์œ„๊ธฐ ์ „ํ›„๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ์กธ์—…ํ•œ ์„ธ๋Œ€์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค์€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋А ์„ธ๋Œ€๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ง„ํ•™์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฒ ์ €ํžˆ ์ค€๋น„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ๊ธด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ™์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ƒˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, AP(Advanced Placement) ๊ณผ๋ชฉ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ•์€ 1980๋…„๋Œ€์— ๋น„ํ•ด 2010๋…„๋Œ€์— 10๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ๋นš์„ ์ง€๋ฉด์„œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ์ง„ํ•™ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์ด๋Š” ์ƒ์œ„ ์ค‘์‚ฐ์ธต์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” โ€˜ํ‹ฐ์ผ“โ€™์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ˜„์‹ค์€ ๋‹ฌ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—… ํ›„ ํ•™์œ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๊ฐ€์น˜(return on degree)๋Š” ์ •์ฒด๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ํ•˜๋ฝํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ”์„ธ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ํ˜„์‹ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ดด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊นŠ์€ ์ขŒ์ ˆ๊ฐ์„ ์•ˆ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ โ€˜๊ธ‰์ง„ํ™”โ€™์˜ ๊ณ„๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๊ณตํ™ฉ ์ดํ›„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํšŒ๋ณต๋˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋‚˜์•„์ง€๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ์—๋„, ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—…์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ณ ์šฉ ์‹œ์žฅ์€ ์ข€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํšŒ๋ณต๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด 20172018๋…„์—๋„ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋Œ€์กธ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์ž„๊ธˆ์€ 20012002๋…„ ์ˆ˜์ค€๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ฝ 10% ๋‚ฎ์•˜๊ณ , ๊ณ ์šฉ๋ฅ  ๋˜ํ•œ ํ•˜๋ฝ์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ(AI)์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ๋ณธ๊ฒฉํ™”๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋ฉฐ, 2008๋…„ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ๋Œ€์กธ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋Š์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” โ€˜๋‚˜์œ ์†Œ์‹โ€™์˜ ์—ฐ์†์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์–ด๋ ค์›€์€ ๋Œ€์กธ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ด€์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ฃผ์˜์— ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์šฐํ˜ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์นœ(่ฆช)๋…ธ์กฐ ์„ฑํ–ฅ์„ ๋ ๋ฉฐ ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ์˜ ์กฐ์งํ™”์— ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์„œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์˜ โ€˜๋ฐ˜๋ž€โ€™์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ, ์ฆ‰ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์ด ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ˆ„๋ฆด ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์—ˆ๋˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

โ€˜์ธ์‰ฌํ‹ฐํ”ผ์ผ€์ด์…˜(Inshitification)โ€™: ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ์˜ ์งˆ์  ์ €ํ•˜

์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ํ•œ ์ถ•์œผ๋กœ โ€˜์ธ์‰ฌํ‹ฐํ”ผ์ผ€์ด์…˜(Inshitification)โ€™, ์ฆ‰ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ์˜ ์งˆ์  ์ €ํ•˜ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ์ง€์ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ž„๊ธˆ์ด ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋„˜์–ด, ์ง์—…์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ์ž์œจ์„ฑ์ด ํ›ผ์†๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ์‹œ๋กœ ์• ํ”Œ ์Šคํ† ์–ด์˜ โ€˜ํฌ๋ฆฌ์—์ดํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ(creative)โ€™ ์ง์ฑ…์„ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

2001๋…„ ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ์žก์Šค(Steve Jobs)๊ฐ€ ์• ํ”Œ ์Šคํ† ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์—ด์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” โ€œ์• ํ”Œ ์ข…๊ต์˜ ์„ ๊ต์‚ฌโ€๋ฅผ ์–‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์• ํ”Œ ์ œํ’ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊นŠ์€ ์ง€์‹์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ฑ„์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ๋งŽ์€ ๊ต์œก ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด๋“ค์„ ์–‘์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—…์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฑ„์šฉํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ด€๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณต๋ฆฌํ›„์ƒ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€˜ํฌ๋ฆฌ์—์ดํ‹ฐ๋ธŒโ€™๋Š” ์žก์Šค ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๋งค์šฐ ์„ ๋ง๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ณ ์œ„์ง์œผ๋กœ, ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งฅ(Mac)์ด๋‚˜ ์•„์ดํฐ(iPhone) ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•, ๋น„๋””์˜ค/์˜ค๋””์˜ค ํŽธ์ง‘ ๋“ฑ์„ ์ผ๋Œ€์ผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์ฝ”์นญ ์„ธ์…˜์„ ์ด๋Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ 99๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฉด โ€˜ํฌ๋ฆฌ์—์ดํ‹ฐ๋ธŒโ€™์™€ ๋ฌด์ œํ•œ์œผ๋กœ 1์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์„ธ์…˜์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 2011๋…„ ํŒ€ ์ฟก(Tim Cook)์ด CEO๋กœ ์ทจ์ž„ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€˜๋น„์ „๊ฐ€โ€™์˜€๋˜ ์žก์Šค์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์ฟก์€ โ€˜์šด์˜ ๋ฐ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€โ€™์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œ์žฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ์•…๋งˆโ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ฟก์€ ์• ํ”Œ ์Šคํ† ์–ด๋ฅผ โ€˜์„ ๊ตโ€™์˜ ์žฅ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ โ€˜์†Œ๋งค์ โ€™์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ ค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ๋ฅด๋ฉด์„œ ์• ํ”Œ์€ ์ธ๊ฑด๋น„ ์ง€์ถœ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ณ , ์ž„์‹œ์ง ๋ฐ ๊ณ„์ ˆ์ง ์ง์›์„ ๋Š˜๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€˜ํฌ๋ฆฌ์—์ดํ‹ฐ๋ธŒโ€™์˜ ์—ญํ•  ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋Œ€์ผ ์ฝ”์นญ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฃน ์ˆ˜์—…์œผ๋กœ, ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ… ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ๊ฐ„๋žตํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน ์ดํ›„์—๋Š” ์•„์˜ˆ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์—†์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ค„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ โ€˜ํฌ๋ฆฌ์—์ดํ‹ฐ๋ธŒโ€™๋“ค์€ ํŒ๋งค ํ˜„์žฅ์— ํˆฌ์ž…๋˜์–ด ๋งฅ๊ณผ ์•„์ดํฐ์„ ํŒ๋งคํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญํ• ๋กœ ์ „๋ฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 10๋…„ ์ „ โ€˜ํฌ๋ฆฌ์—์ดํ‹ฐ๋ธŒโ€™๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ด๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ง์—…์ด ์ ์  ๋” ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ €ํ•˜๋˜๊ณ (degraded) ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ์ขŒ์ ˆ๊ฐ์„ ๋А๋‚„ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

โ€˜๋ณด๋ณด(Bobo)โ€˜์—์„œ โ€˜ํ”„๋กœ๋ณด(Probo)โ€˜๋กœ: ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ„๊ธ‰์˜ ์ดˆ์ƒ

๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ ๋ธŒ๋ฃฉ์Šค์˜ โ€˜๋ณด๋ณดโ€™์™€ ๋…ธ์•” ์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„์˜ โ€˜ํ”„๋กœ๋ณดโ€™

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋Œ€์กธ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ ๋ธŒ๋ฃฉ์Šค(David Brooks)์˜ 2000๋…„ ์ €์„œ ใ€ŽํŒŒ๋ผ๋‹ค์ด์Šค์˜ ๋ณด๋ณด(Bobos in Paradise)ใ€์— ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” โ€˜๋ณดํ—ค๋ฏธ์•ˆ ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ฃผ์•„(Bohemian Bourgeois, ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ Bobo)โ€™ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€ ๋Œ€๋น„์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€˜๋ณด๋ณดโ€™๋Š” 1990๋…„๋Œ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์ง•ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์œผ๋กœ, ํŽ‘ํ‚คํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” โ€˜๋ณดํ—ค๋ฏธ์•ˆโ€™์  ๊ฐ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์กŒ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ƒํ–ฅ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ์˜์ž๋กœ ๋ณด๋˜ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—…์ž๋“ค์„ ์ง€์นญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค์€ ์ž์œ  ๋ฌด์—ญ๊ณผ ๊ท ํ˜• ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ํŒ€์Šคํ„ฐ์ฆˆ(Teamsters) ๊ฐ™์€ ๋…ธ๋™์กฐํ•ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํšŒ์˜์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ฑ…์—์„œ ์ด๋“ค์„ โ€˜ํ”„๋กœ๋ณด(Probo)โ€˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ๊นŒ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€˜ํ”„๋กค๋ ˆํƒ€๋ฆฌ์•„ ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ฃผ์•„(Proletarian Bourgeois)โ€˜์˜ ์ค„์ž„๋ง์ธ โ€˜ํ”„๋กœ๋ณดโ€™๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ๋Œ€์กธ์ž๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค์€ โ€˜๋ณด๋ณดโ€™์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์„ธ๋ จ๋œ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ(sleek devices)๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉฐ, ์ˆ˜์ค€ ๋†’์€ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ ๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๋ฌธํ™”์ , ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” โ€˜๋ถ€๋ฅด์ฃผ์•„โ€™์ ์ธ ๋ฏธํ•™์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์€ํ–‰ ์ž”๊ณ ๋Š” โ€˜๋ณด๋ณดโ€™์˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ๋Š” ํ™•์—ฐํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ•™ ํ•™์ž๊ธˆ ๋Œ€์ถœ๋กœ ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋นš์„ ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ๋นš์„ ๊ฐš๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ง์—…์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ์—… ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋‚˜ IT ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์• ํ”Œ ์†Œ๋งค์ ์ด๋‚˜ ์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๋ฏธํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ฃผ์•„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์ •์น˜์ , ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” โ€˜ํ”„๋กค๋ ˆํƒ€๋ฆฌ์•„โ€™์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด โ€˜๊ฑฐ์šธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€โ€™์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์กด์žฌ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ…Œ๋”” ํ˜ธํ”„๋งŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ: ์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค ๋ฐ”๋ฆฌ์Šคํƒ€์˜ ์ขŒ์ ˆ

์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ โ€˜ํ”„๋กœ๋ณดโ€™์˜ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ์ธ๋ฌผ๋กœ ์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค ๋ฐ”๋ฆฌ์Šคํƒ€ ํ…Œ๋”” ํ˜ธํ”„๋งŒ(Teddy Hoffman)์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์นด๊ณ ์—์„œ ์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค ํŒŒ์—… ํ˜„์žฅ์„ ์ทจ์žฌํ•˜๋˜ ์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ์ข…์ด๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค ์ธ์–ด ๊ณต์ฃผ ์ธํ˜•์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ํ…Œ๋””๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ…Œ๋””๋Š” ์•„์ด์˜ค์™€์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ๋ช…๋ฌธ ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„๋Ÿด ์•„์ธ  ์นผ๋ฆฌ์ง€(liberal arts college)์ธ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋„ฌ ์นผ๋ฆฌ์ง€(Grinnell College)๋ฅผ 2014๋…„์— ์กธ์—…ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์žฌํ•™ ์ค‘์—๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กธ์—… ํ›„์—๋Š” ์™“์Šจ ํŽ ๋กœ์šฐ์‹ญ(Watson Fellowship)์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ถŒ์œ„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅํ•™๊ธˆ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ์™€ ๋‚จ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ ๋“ฑ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋„ฌ ์กธ์—…์ƒ์ด์ž ์—˜๋ฆฌํŠธ ํŽ ๋กœ์šฐ์‹ญ ์ˆ˜์ƒ์ž๊ฐ€ ์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋†€๋ผ์›€์„ ๊ธˆ์น˜ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค, ์• ํ”Œ, ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ด๋” ์กฐ(Trader Joeโ€™s), REI ๋“ฑ์€ ํ•œ๋•Œ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—…์ƒ๋“ค์ด โ€˜ํ”Œ๋žœ Aโ€™๊ฐ€ ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ •์ฐฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์ง์žฅ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, 1990๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ์—๋Š” ์ง์›๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์‹์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐ”๋ฆฌ์Šคํƒ€๊ฐ€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์žฅ๋  ๋•Œ ์ˆ˜๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฒŒ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํŒŒํŠธํƒ€์ž„ ์ง์›์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋ณดํ—˜ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‚˜์ค‘์—๋Š” ์• ๋ฆฌ์กฐ๋‚˜ ์ฃผ๋ฆฝ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต(Arizona State University)์™€์˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ต์œก ํ˜œํƒ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๋ณต์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํšŒ์‚ฌ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ง์›๋“ค์„ โ€˜ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ(partner)โ€˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋ฉฐ ์•„๋ผ๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 2007~2008๋…„ ๊ธˆ์œต ์œ„๊ธฐ ๋ฌด๋ ต, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ๋ ๋ฅผ ์กธ๋ผ๋งฌ ๋•Œ ์ด๋“ค ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋น„์šฉ ์ ˆ๊ฐ์— ๋‚˜์„ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์›Œ๋“œ ์А์ธ (Howard Schultz)๊ฐ€ CEO๋กœ ๋ณต๊ท€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋งค์žฅ์„ ํ์‡„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น„์šฉ์„ ๋Œ€ํญ ์‚ญ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2007๋…„ ์ดํ›„ ์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค์˜ ํ˜œํƒ์€ ์ ์  ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ โ€˜์˜จ๋””๋งจ๋“œ ์Šค์ผ€์ค„๋ง(scheduling on demand)โ€˜์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ง์›๋“ค์˜ ๊ทผ๋ฌด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •ํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ์ฃผ 40์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ทผ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์žฅ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ƒํ™œ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์„ธ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋งค๋‹ˆ์ €๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์š”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ทผ๋ฌด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณด๋‹ค ์ผ์ฐ ํ‡ด๊ทผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ…Œ๋””์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ์‚ถ์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋†“์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ…Œ๋””๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋„ฌ ์บ ํผ์Šค์—์„œ ์œ ๋ช…์ธ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ์‹œ์นด๊ณ ์—๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ โ€œ์™œ ํ…Œ๋””๋Š” ์•„์ง๋„ ์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค์— ์žˆ๋ƒโ€๋ฉฐ ์˜์•„ํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ…Œ๋””๋Š” ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ณผ ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ๋ช‡ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋ฐฉํ™ฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ธ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2019๋…„์ด ๋˜์ž ๊ทธ๋Š” ์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๋ ฅ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ์—ฐ๊ทน ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 2020๋…„ 2์›”, ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์ด ๋‹ฅ์น˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์ด ๋‹ซํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ „๊นŒ์ง€ ์—ด์ •์ ์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ณ ์šฉ์ฃผ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ •์ค‘ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆ ํŽธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋‚ ์•„๋“ค์—ˆ๊ณ , ํ…Œ๋””๋Š” ์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค์— ๊ณ„์† ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ˜„์‹ค์— ์ง๋ฉดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ดˆ๊ธฐ ์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค๋Š” ๊ด€๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง์›๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์œ ๊ธ‰ ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์ด ๋˜์ž ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์•…ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ ์ฐฉ์šฉ ๊ทœ์ œ๋Š” ์œ ๋ช…๋ฌด์‹คํ•ด์กŒ๊ณ , ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์ด ๋งค์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชฐ๋ ค๋“ค๋ฉด์„œ ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์œ„ํ˜‘์„ ๋А๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ ์ฐฉ์šฉ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธํ™” ์ „์Ÿ์˜ ํ•œ๋ณตํŒ์— ๋†“์ด๋ฉด์„œ ํ…Œ๋””์™€ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•œ ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ์—ผ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ์‹œ๋‹ฌ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค์—์„œ ํƒˆ์ถœํ•˜๋ ค๋˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„, ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๋” ๊นŠ์ด ๊ฐ‡ํžˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ํ…Œ๋””๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ๊ทธ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  โ€œ๋„ˆํฌ๋„ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ค„ ๋ชฐ๋ž๋‹คโ€๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ์ด ์ง์—…์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋น„์ธ๊ฐ„์ ์ด๊ณ  ์†Œ์™ธ๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š”์ง€ ๋А๊ผˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ž ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ •๋„์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

โ€˜๋ฐ˜๋ž€โ€™์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘: ๋…ธ๋™์กฐํ•ฉ ์šด๋™์˜ ๋ถ€ํ™œ

์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด: ํ™”์ดํŠธ์นผ๋ผ ๋…ธ์กฐ์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ขŒ์ ˆ๊ฐ์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ โ€˜๋ฐ˜๋ž€โ€™์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2021๋…„ ๋ง ๋ฒ„ํŒ”๋กœ(Buffalo)์˜ ์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค ๋งค์žฅ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ๋…ธ๋™์กฐํ•ฉ ๊ฒฐ์„ฑ ์›€์ง์ž„์€ 2022๋…„ ์ „๊ตญ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์‚ฐ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1์›”์—๋Š” 6๊ฐœ ๋งค์žฅ, 2์›”์—๋Š” ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๊ฐœ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ด„์—๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ฐœ ๋งค์žฅ์ด ๋…ธ์กฐ ๊ฒฐ์„ฑ์„ ์ถ”์ง„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ…Œ๋””๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•˜๋˜ ์‹œ์นด๊ณ  ๋งค์žฅ๋„ ๊ทธ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ„ํŒ”๋กœ, ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค, ๋ณด์Šคํ„ด, ํ”Œ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋‹ค ๋“ฑ์—์„œ ๋…ธ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์„ฑํ•œ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์คŒ(Zoom)์œผ๋กœ ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ณต์œ ํ•œ โ€˜6๋‹จ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œโ€™ ๊ตฌ๊ธ€ ๋ฌธ์„œ(Google Doc)๋ฅผ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋…ธ์กฐ ๊ฒฐ์„ฑ ์šด๋™์— ๋‚˜์„ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด ์ Š์€ ๋Œ€์กธ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ž„๊ธˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๊ทผ๋ฌด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๋„˜์–ด, ์ด ์šด๋™์—์„œ โ€˜๋ชฉ์ (purpose)โ€˜๊ณผ โ€˜์˜๋ฏธ(meaning)โ€˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ…Œ๋””๋Š” ํ•œ ๋™๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ โ€œ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์ผ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผโ€์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ์ž์‹ ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋А๊ผˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํšŒ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ง์—…์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„  โ€˜์ž์•„์‹คํ˜„(actualization)โ€˜์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋…ธ๋™์กฐํ•ฉ ๊ฒฐ์„ฑ ์šด๋™์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋…ธ๋™ ์šด๋™์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ์กด(Amazon), ์• ํ”Œ, ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ด๋” ์กฐ, REI์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์€ 2021๋…„ ์ด์ „์—๋Š” ๋‹จ ํ•œ ๊ณณ๋„ ๋…ธ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค ๊ธฐ์—… ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ณ , ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” (ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ด๋” ์กฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ) ๋ฌธํ™”์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•™๋ ฅ์ด ๋†’์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ‘ํ•˜๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๋…ธ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…ธ๋™ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” โ€œ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋…ธ๋™ ์šด๋™์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋…ผ์˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ โ€์ด๋ผ๋ฉฐ, โ€œ์ด์ œ๋Š” ์‹ ๋ฌธ 1๋ฉด์„ ์žฅ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—…์ž๋“ค์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ ‘ํ•˜๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์—์„œ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹คโ€๊ณ  ์ง€์ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์•„์ด์˜ค์™€์˜ ์œก๊ฐ€๊ณต ๊ณต์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ž์ฃผ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ๊ฐ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

โ€˜๋…ธ๋™์ž ์˜์‹โ€™์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ: ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค๋„ ๋…ธ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค

์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ๋ฆ„ ์†์—์„œ โ€˜๋…ธ๋™์ž ์˜์‹(worker consciousness)โ€˜์ด ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ 2015๋…„ ๋…ธ๋™ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ฅผ ์ทจ์žฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ง์—…์— ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œ๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ๋‹คโ€, โ€œ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž๋‹คโ€, โ€œ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋‹คโ€, โ€œ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ž๋‹คโ€ ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 2020๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ์ค‘๋ฐ˜์— ์ด๋ฅด๋Ÿฌ์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ โ€˜๋…ธ๋™์ž ์˜์‹โ€™์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋„ค์†Œํƒ€์˜ ๋Œ€ํ˜• ์˜๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ธ ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋‚˜(Allina)์—์„œ ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๋…ธ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์„ฑํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2023๋…„ ์ดˆ 100์—ฌ ๋ช…์˜ ๋ณ‘์› ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๋…ธ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์„ฑํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๊ฐ™์€ ํ•ด ๊ฐ€์„์—๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋„ค์†Œํƒ€์™€ ์œ„์Šค์ฝ˜์‹  ์ „์—ญ์˜ 400์—ฌ ๋ช…์˜ 1์ฐจ ์ง„๋ฃŒ ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๋…ธ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ ์˜์‚ฌ ๋…ธ์กฐ ์ค‘ ์—ญ๋Œ€ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ์ด ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์„ โ€˜๋…ธ๋™์žโ€™๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋„์— ๋†€๋ž๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œ์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์ง€์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ , GM ๊ณต์žฅ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ง ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ , ๊ณ ์šฉ์ฃผ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ์ทจ๊ธ‰๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹คโ€๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ๋ง์€ ์ง์—…์˜ ์ง€์œ„์™€ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด ๊ณตํ†ต๋œ โ€˜๋…ธ๋™์ž ์˜์‹โ€™์ด ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •์น˜์  ์—ฐ๋Œ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ: โ€˜๋””ํ”Œ๋กœ๋งˆ ๋””๋ฐ”์ด๋“œโ€™๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด

๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ด์Šˆ๋กœ ๋ญ‰์น˜๋‹ค

์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •์น˜์  ์—ฐ๋Œ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์—ด์–ด์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ „๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—…์ž์™€ ๋น„(้ž)์กธ์—…์ž ์‚ฌ์ด์—๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฌธํ™”์  ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ, ์ฆ‰ โ€˜ํ•™๋ ฅ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ(diploma divide)โ€˜๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2012๋…„ ๋ฒ„๋ฝ ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ(Barack Obama)๊ฐ€ ์žฌ์„ ์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„ ๋Œ€์กธ์ž์™€ ๋น„์กธ์—…์ž์˜ ํˆฌํ‘œ ์„ฑํ–ฅ์€ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 2024๋…„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€์„ ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—…์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋‹น ํ›„๋ณด์ธ ์นด๋ง๋ผ ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์Šค(Kamala Harris)์—๊ฒŒ ์•ฝ 15%p ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ๊ณ , ๋น„์กธ์—…์ž๋“ค์€ ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„(Donald Trump)์—๊ฒŒ ์•ฝ 13~14%p ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋“ฑ ํฐ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ 2016๋…„ ์ดํ›„ ๋”์šฑ ์‹ฌํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠธ๋žœ์Šค์  ๋” ์ธ๊ถŒ์ด๋‚˜ ์ด๋ฏผ, ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์˜๊ฒฌ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ธ์ด โ€˜๊ฒฝ์ œโ€™๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ๋†“๊ณ  ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ํŽผ์น  ๋•Œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‰ด์š•์‹œ์˜ ์กฐ๋ž€ ๋งŒ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ(Zohran Mamdani)๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ์‹œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์˜ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ฌธ์ œ(์ฃผํƒ ๊ตฌ๋งค๋ ฅ, ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋ฒ„์Šค, ๊ณต๊ณต ์‹๋ฃŒํ’ˆ์ , ์ž„๋Œ€๋ฃŒ)์— ๋งž์ถ”์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ด๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—…์ž๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋น„์กธ์—…์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์ž‘๋…„ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—…์ž๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์••๋„์ ์ธ ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1980~90๋…„๋Œ€๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—…์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ค‘๋„ ์šฐํŒŒ์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์› ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ฐ์•ˆํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋ณ€ํ™”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์˜คํ•ด์™€ ํ˜„์‹ค: โ€˜๊ฐ€์žโ€™์™€ โ€˜๋ฒ”์ฃ„โ€™ ์ด์Šˆ

์ผ๋ถ€ ๋น„ํ‰๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—…์ž์™€ ๋น„์กธ์—…์ž ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์—ฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„, โ€˜๊ฐ€์ž ์ง€๊ตฌ ๋ถ„์Ÿโ€™๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์ ์ธ ์ด์Šˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ๊ฐˆ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ง€์ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ์žฅ๋œ ์ธก๋ฉด์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜๋ฐ•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋ก  ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด, 35์„ธ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—…์ž์™€ ๋น„์กธ์—…์ž๋Š” ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜-ํŒ”๋ ˆ์Šคํƒ€์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๋น„์กธ์—…์ž๋“ค์ด ํŒ”๋ ˆ์Šคํƒ€์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋” ๋™์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๊ฐ€์ž ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” 35์„ธ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์„ ํ•™๋ ฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ถ„์—ด์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ด์Šˆ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์™€ ์–‘๊ทนํ™”๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” โ€˜๋ฒ”์ฃ„โ€™์™€ โ€˜์ด๋ฏผโ€™ ๋ฌธ์ œ์—์„œ๋„ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€ ์‹œ์ ˆ, ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—…์ž๋“ค์€ ๋น„์กธ์—…์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ด๋™ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฏผ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํšŒ์˜์ ์ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค๋„ 2020๋…„๋Œ€์— ๋“ค์–ด ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—…์ž๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์„ฑ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋‚˜ ํŠธ๋žœ์Šค์  ๋” ์ธ๊ถŒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํฐ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ด์Šˆ์—์„œ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ์žฅ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ํŽผ์น  ๋•Œ ๋‘ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์ „๋ง: AI ์‹œ๋Œ€, ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ „ํ• ๊นŒ?

AI๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ ์œ„ํ˜‘

์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋…ผํ•  ๋•Œ โ€˜์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ(AI)โ€˜์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. AI๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช… ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ์˜ ์›์ฒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ ์€ ์ง€๋‚œ 5๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—…์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋…ธ๋™ ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๊ฒŒ ์•…ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‰ด์š• ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ์ค€๋น„์€ํ–‰(New York Fed)์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, 1990๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2018๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋Œ€์กธ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์‹ค์—…๋ฅ ์€ ์ „์ฒด ์‹ค์—…๋ฅ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‚ฎ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ง€๋‚œ 5๋…„๊ฐ„์€ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์ „์ฒด ์‹ค์—…๋ฅ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์•„์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์•…ํ™”๋Š” AI ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ๊ฒฉํ™”๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์˜ ํ˜„์ƒ์œผ๋กœ, ์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ฑ…์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ โ€œ๋Œ€ํ•™ ํ•™์œ„ ์†Œ์ง€์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜์š”์˜ ์ ์ง„์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์†Œโ€์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ๊นŠ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

AI์˜ ์ „์‹  ๊ฒฉ์ธ ์ž๋™ํ™” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์„œ์„œํžˆ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ž ์‹ํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์†Œ๋งค ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ(๋ธ”๋ฃจ๋ฐ๋ฐ์ผ์ฆˆ, ๋…ธ๋“œ์ŠคํŠธ๋กฌ, ๋ฉ”์ด์‹œ์Šค ๋“ฑ)์˜ โ€˜๋ฐ”์ด์–ด(buyer)โ€™ ์ง์—…์„ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค์€ 1๋…„ ํ›„ ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ท์ด ์œ ํ–‰ํ• ์ง€ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ณ  ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ์™€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํŒจ์…˜์‡ผ์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์•ก ์—ฐ๋ด‰์˜ ๊ณ ์œ„์ง์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 7~8๋…„ ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์ด ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ผ์„ ์ธ๊ฐ„๋งŒํผ, ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ž˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜๊ณ , ์ด ์ง์—…์€ ์„œ์„œํžˆ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ตœ๊ทผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ˜• AI(Generative AI)์˜ ๋“ฑ์žฅ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ถ”์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒค์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ์ปจ์„คํŒ… ํšŒ์‚ฌ, ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ, ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ณผํ•™์ž, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์‚ฐ์—… ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„


โ€œThe โ€œWinnersโ€ of The Iran Warโ€ โ€” Economics Explained ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ์›๋ณธ ์˜์ƒ ๋ณด๊ธฐ

โ€์ด๋ž€ ์ „์Ÿโ€์˜ ์—ญ์„ค: ํ˜ผ๋ˆ ์† ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์žก๋Š” ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์™€ ์ค‘๊ตญ

์—˜๋ฆฌ๋„ˆ ๋ฃจ์Šค๋ฒจํŠธ ์—ฌ์‚ฌ๋Š” โ€œ์ง€๋‚œ ์ „์Ÿ์—์„œ ์Šน์ž๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค์Œ ์ „์Ÿ์—์„œ๋„ ์Šน์ž๋Š” ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒโ€์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋ง์ด ๋ฌด์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„, ์ค‘๋™ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ โ€œ์ด๋ž€ ์ „์Ÿโ€์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์นญ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์ด ์ „๊ฐœ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ, ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ์ž… ์—†์ด๋„ ์ด๋“์„ ์–ป๋Š” ๋‘ ๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์™€ ์ค‘๊ตญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ด๋ชฉ์ด ์ค‘๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ ๋ฆฐ ํ‹ˆ์„ ํƒ€, ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ•๋Œ€๊ตญ์€ ๊ฐ์ž์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ , ์ง€์ •ํ•™์  ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ˜ผ๋ž€ ์†์—์„œ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ํฌ์ฐฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„: ์ œ์žฌ์™€ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ ์†์—์„œ ํ•œ์ˆจ ๋Œ๋ฆด ์‹œ๊ฐ„

๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๋Š” 2022๋…„ ์šฐํฌ๋ผ์ด๋‚˜ ์นจ๊ณต ์ดํ›„ ์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ์ œ์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ด๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ด ํƒ€์ดํ‹€์€ ์›๋ž˜ ์ด๋ž€์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๊ฐœ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฑด์˜ ์ œ์žฌ๋Š” ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ์€ํ–‰, ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€๋ฅดํžˆ(์‹ ํฅ ์žฌ๋ฒŒ), ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ธฐ์—…, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ „๋ฐ˜์„ ๊ฒจ๋ƒฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์Ÿ์„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์† ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชฉํ‘œ์˜€๊ณ , ์–ด๋А ์ •๋„๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ธˆ์œต ์‹œ์žฅ ์ ‘๊ทผ์€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ œํ•œ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ์„œ๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์€ ์ฒ ์ˆ˜ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ฒจ๋‹จ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ˆ˜์ž… ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์œ„์ถ•๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์€ ๊ณ ์งˆ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜€๊ณ , ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์–ต์ œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ 15% ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์ž…ํ’ˆ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋ฌด์—ญ์ด ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ์šฉํ’ˆ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ณ  ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ํญ์ด ์ข์•„์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐํฌ๋ผ์ด๋‚˜ ์ „์Ÿ์€ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ „๋ง์—๋„ ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ์ Š์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ ์ธ ๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ๊ณ , ์ด๋Š” ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๋•Œ ํ•œ ์„ธ๋Œ€์˜ ๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ธ๊ตฌ ํ†ต๊ณ„ํ•™์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์€ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ง€์†๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ถ•๊ดด์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  1. ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์ž์›: ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์›์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„์œ , ์ฒœ์—ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค, ๊ธˆ์†, ๋ชฉ์žฌ ๋“ฑ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์–‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ž์›๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ โ€œ๋Œ€์ฒด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ(fungible)โ€œํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์–ด, ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์‚ฐ ์›์œ ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋‹จ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์œ ์ž…๋˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋งค์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ๋„๋‚˜ ํŠ€๋ฅดํ‚ค์˜ˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ค‘๊ฐœ๊ตญ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ โ€œ๊ทธ๋ ˆ์ด ๋งˆ์ผ“(gray market)โ€ ํŒ๋งค๋Š” ์ œ์žฌ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ˆ˜์ž…์„ ์œ ์ง€์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  2. ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ณก์ฐฝ์ง€๋Œ€: ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์ฒด ๋†์—… ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋จน์—ฌ ์‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ด‰์‡„ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์‹๋Ÿ‰ ์ž๊ธ‰์ž์กฑ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์ œ์žฌ๊ตญ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์ „๋žต์  ์ด์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๋ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ถœ๊ตญ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๊ณก๋ฌผ ์ˆ˜์ž…์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€๋ ›๋Œ€ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  3. BRICS(๋ธŒ๋ฆญ์Šค) ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„: ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ฆญ์Šค ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ, ํŠนํžˆ ์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํŽธ์˜์ ์ธ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์™€ ์ฒœ์—ฐ์ž์›์— ๋ชฉ๋ง๋ผ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๋Š” ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ์ œ์กฐ ๊ธฐ์ง€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–‘์ธก ๋ชจ๋‘ ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ, ์„œ๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ์ ˆ์‹คํžˆ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ณต์ƒ ๊ด€๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

โ€์ด๋ž€ ์ „์Ÿโ€์ด ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์— ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค์ค€ ๊ฒƒ

โ€œ์ด๋ž€ ์ „์Ÿโ€์€ ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ์„ ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์šฐํฌ๋ผ์ด๋‚˜ ์นจ๊ณต ์ดํ›„ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์Šน: ์ค‘๋™ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์„์œ  ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์ฐจ์งˆ๋กœ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์œ ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ์Šนํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ํ• ์ธ๋œ ๊ทธ๋ ˆ์ด ๋งˆ์ผ“ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์ต์œผ๋กœ ์ง๊ฒฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์œ ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์ค€์ ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์‚ฐ ์›์œ ๋Š” 6๊ฐœ์›” ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋†’์€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์— ํŒ”๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ์ œ์žฌ ์™„ํ™”: ์„œ๊ตฌ ์ •๋ถ€๋“ค์ด ์ž๊ตญ ๋‚ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ์šฐ์„ ์‹œํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ œ์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์™„ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ๋Ÿด๋‹น ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ์ •์น˜์  ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์‚ฐ ์„์œ ๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ตฌ๋งค์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ถ€์กฑ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ๋กœ ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋•Œ, ๋„๋•์  ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์€ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ์‹๋Ÿ‰ ๋ฐ ๋น„๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ „๋žต์  ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ ์ฆ๋Œ€: ์„์œ ๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ธ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋จน์—ฌ ์‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์งˆ์†Œ ๋น„๋ฃŒ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์›๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„์œ  ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์Šค ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์ฐจ์งˆ์ด ์ง€์†๋˜๋ฉด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹๋Ÿ‰ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์ƒ์Šนํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ๋†์—… ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์„์œ  ๋ฐ ๋น„๋ฃŒ ์ˆ˜์ถœ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ธธ์–ด์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋”์šฑ ์ „๋žต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ์‹ฌํ™”: ์ค‘๊ตญ ์—ญ์‹œ ์ด ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด๋“์„ ์–ป๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์–‘๊ตญ์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ์‹ญ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ณต๋™์˜ ์ดํ•ด๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ๊ด€์‹ฌ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ ํšจ๊ณผ: ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ, ์™ธ๊ต์  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€, ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ ์ž์›์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ค‘๋™์œผ๋กœ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์šฐํฌ๋ผ์ด๋‚˜์—์„œ ๋ฉ€์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„œ๊ตฌ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ œ์žฌ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์••๋ ฅ์€ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „์Ÿ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ค„์–ด๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ์žฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ์˜ฅ์ฃ„๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋†’์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ์ธ๊ตฌ ์†์‹ค๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ํ”ผํ•ด๋Š” ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ด๊ณ  ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋Š” โ€œ์ƒ์กดโ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ โ€œ๋ฒˆ์„ฑโ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด ๋‘˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์—๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œ์ด๋ž€ ์ „์Ÿโ€์€ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์—๊ฒŒ ์ ˆ์‹คํžˆ ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์ •์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ์ ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌด์—ญ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ณ ํžˆ ํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ค‘๊ตญ: ์•ผ๋ง์„ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ

์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์™€๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋Š” ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์นจ๋ชฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ โ€œ์ด๋ž€ ์ „์Ÿโ€์„ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ์ด๋ผ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ์•ผ๋ง์„ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ตœ๊ทผ 15๊ฐœ์›” ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ์˜ ๋ฌด์—ญ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์€ ์ค‘๊ตญ ์‚ฐ์—…์— ํฐ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ด€์„ธ๋Š” ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋ง์„ ๊ต๋ž€ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์‹œ์žฅ ์ ‘๊ทผ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ์กฐ์—…์ฒด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์„ ์•ˆ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์š”์†Œ์ธ ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ ์‹œ์žฅ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ํ˜ธํ™ฉ๊ธฐ์— ๊ณผ๋„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ ˆ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚จ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์—…์ฒด๋“ค์€ ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ€์ฑ„๋ฅผ ์•ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ๋น„์ž ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋Š” ํšŒ๋ณต๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€ ์ž์ฒด๋„ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ๋ถ€์ฑ„๋ฅผ ์ถ•์ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹น๋ฉด ๊ณผ์ œ ์™ธ์—๋„ ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ โ€œ์ด๋ž€ ์ „์Ÿโ€ ์ด์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•ด ์˜จ ์ „๋žต์  ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ „์Ÿ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  1. ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์‚ฌ์Šฌ(Value Chain) ์ƒํ–ฅ ์ด๋™: ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ์€ ๊ณ ๋ นํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฒ ํŠธ๋‚จ, ๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ, ์ธ๋„๋„ค์‹œ์•„ ๋“ฑ ์ €๋น„์šฉ ์ œ์กฐ์—… ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ์ด ์•ฝํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์‘์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ฐ’์‹ผ ๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฐ์—… ์ „๋ฌธ ์ง€์‹์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ œํ’ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ, ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ํŒจ๋„, ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ(EV)๊ฐ€ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์‚ฐ์—…์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ด ์„ธ ๋ถ„์•ผ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  2. ์„œ๊ตฌ ์ฃผ๋„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ ์—ฐํ•ฉ ๊ตฌ์ถ•: ์ด๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ฆญ์Šค(BRICS) ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ์‹ญ ํ™•์žฅ, ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์ „์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง์ ‘ ํˆฌ์ž, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ๋Œ€์ผ๋กœ(Belt and Road Initiative, BRI)์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. BRI๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ์™ธ๊ต ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์œผ๋กœ, ์•„์‹œ์•„, ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด, ๋ผํ‹ด ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด ์ „์—ญ์— ํ•ญ๋งŒ, ์ฒ ๋„, ํ†ต์‹  ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฒ ์ด์ง•์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—ญ ์˜์กด์„ฑ์„ ์ฐฝ์ถœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

โ€์ด๋ž€ ์ „์Ÿโ€์ด ์ค‘๊ตญ์— ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค์ค€ ๊ฒƒ

โ€œ์ด๋ž€ ์ „์Ÿโ€์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ์ „๋žต์  ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋“ค์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ด์ „์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐํšŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฐฝ์ถœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • ์œ„์•ˆํ™”(R&B)์˜ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—ญ ํ†ตํ™” ์œ„์ƒ ๊ฐ•ํ™”: ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ฌด์ฆˆ ํ•ดํ˜‘(Strait of Hormuz) ๋ด‰์‡„๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๊ตญ ์œ„์•ˆํ™”(R&B)๋กœ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ ๋ฐ•์— ํ•œํ•ด ์™„ํ™”๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‹œ์žฅ ์ง€๋ฐฐ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ๋„์ „์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ๋ณด๋ณต์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์œ„์•ˆํ™”๋Š” ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ธ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ค‘๊ตญ์„ ๋” ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•ด์„œ๋ผ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”, ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์„ ํƒ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊น€์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ธˆ์œต ์••๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ์„ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
    • ํŽ˜ํŠธ๋กœ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ(Petrodollar) ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ: 1970๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดํ›„ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์„์œ ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ์ฑ…์ •๋˜๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์„์œ ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋น„์ถ•ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์™€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ตญ์ฑ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์š”๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ˆ˜์š”๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ์ €๋ ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฐจ์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ์ž๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์ด์œ  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์„์œ  ๋ฌด์—ญ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ผ๋„ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋Œ€์‹  ์œ„์•ˆํ™”๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ์ˆ˜์š”๋Š” ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ„์•ˆํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์š”๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ฐจ์ž… ๋น„์šฉ, ํ†ตํ™” ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ธฐ์ถ• ํ†ตํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ œํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์–ป๋Š” ์ง€์ •ํ•™์  ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋งค์šฐ ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์—์„œ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ ํ™•๋Œ€: ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ๋ ฅ์„ ํˆฌ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ค‘๊ตญ์ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํˆฌ์‚ฌํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋ฌด์—ญ๊ณผ ์ž๊ตญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ์˜ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ด ๋” ์‰ฌ์šด ์„ ํƒ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ๋…น์ƒ‰ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์‚ฐ์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€: ์œ ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๊ณ  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์•ˆ๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ฌํ™”๋จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ํŒจ๋„, ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ, ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ ์ด ์„ธ ๋ถ„์•ผ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ๋…๋ณด์ ์ธ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๋ฆฌ๋”์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์Šน์ด ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ค„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ „๋žต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ถœํ’ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์š”๋ฅผ ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ์™ธ๊ต์  ์œ„์ƒ ์ œ๊ณ : ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ด๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์ œ3์ž์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ์˜๋„๋ฅผ ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋”๋ผ๋„, ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์— ์žˆ์–ด ๋น„๊ต์  ์ผ๊ด€๋˜๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ธก ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์œ„๊ธฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ •์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ž…์žฅ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋Š” ํ–‰์œ„์ž๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ์ƒ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ค‘๊ตญ์ด ์ด ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘์žฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ๋กœ๋ผ๋„ ์ฃผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ฐ•๋Œ€๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ฌด๋Œ€์—์„œ ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ค‘๊ตญ์ด ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ ๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ๋„์ „ ๊ณผ์ œ

๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ด ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์ด ์ค‘๊ตญ์— ๋งˆ๋ƒฅ ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค์ค€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹ค์ œ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • ์œ„์•ˆํ™”์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„: ์œ„์•ˆํ™”๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ž๋ณธ ํ†ต์ œ์™€ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ํ™˜์œจ ๊ฐœ์ž…์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด โ€œํƒ€ํ˜‘๋œ(compromised)โ€ ํ†ตํ™”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋ก ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ ํƒ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์‹œ์ผ ๋‚ด์— ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์ถ• ํ†ตํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ๋‚ฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์ถ• ํ†ตํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋Š” ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋’ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ œ๋„(ํˆฌ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰, ๋ฒ•์น˜, ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ๋œ ์ž๋ณธ ์‹œ์žฅ)์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ๊ธˆ์œต ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋ฌด์—ญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ตญ์ด ์˜์กดํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋ถˆํˆฌ๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ๋†’์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์˜์กด๋„: ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์–‘์˜ ์„์œ ์™€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์Šน์€ ์ค‘๊ตญ์ด ์••๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์›์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘๊ตญ ๊ณต์žฅ, ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ, ์šด์†ก ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์šด์˜ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  • BRICS ์—ฐํ•ฉ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ: ๋ธŒ๋ฆญ์Šค์—๋Š” ์ด๋ž€๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‚ฌ์šฐ๋””์•„๋ผ๋น„์•„์™€ ์•„๋ž์—๋ฏธ๋ฆฌํŠธ(UAE)๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ž€์ด ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ๋‘ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ฆญ์Šค ํšŒ์›๊ตญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€์ •ํ•™์  ์—ฐํ•ฉ์€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ธŒ๋ฆญ์Šค์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด ์ž์ฒด ํšŒ์›๊ตญ ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ‰ํ™”์กฐ์ฐจ ์œ ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๋•Œ ํฐ ํƒ€๊ฒฉ์„ ์ž…์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ ์ด์ง•์€ ์ด๋ž€๊ณผ ๊ฑธํ”„ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘์™€ ์ข‹์€ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์™ธ๊ต์  ๊ท ํ˜• ์žก๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋” ํฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์™€ ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ ์ด ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์ด ๋๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?

์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ ๋ณต์žกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์ดํ•ด๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ ์–ด๋„ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ค‘๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์ด ์ง€์†๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. โ€œ์ด๋ž€ ์ „์Ÿโ€์ด ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ ๋” ์ง€์†๋  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์œ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋” ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ณ , ์ œ์žฌ ์ง‘ํ–‰์€ ์™„ํ™”๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์šฐํฌ๋ผ์ด๋‚˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ์Šคํฌ๋ฐ”๋Š” ์ด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด๋“์„ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ง€ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์† ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋Š” ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœํ˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ˆจํ†ต์„ ํ‹”์› ์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ โ€œ์ด๋ž€ ์ „์Ÿโ€์ด ๋‚ด์ผ ๋๋‚˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„์Ÿ ์ด์ „ ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋ฉด, ๋ถ„์Ÿ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์Œ“์—ฌ๊ฐ€๋˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์••๋ ฅ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งน๋ ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ์•„์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ๋” ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ„์•ˆํ™”์˜ ์œ„์ƒ ๊ฐ•ํ™”, ์—ฐํ•ฉ ๊ตฌ์ถ•, ๋…น์ƒ‰ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ˆ˜์ถœ ์ˆ˜์š” ๋“ฑ ์ „๋žต์  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์Šน๊ณผ ๋ถ„์—ด๋œ ๋ธŒ๋ฆญ์Šค์˜ ๋น„์šฉ ๋˜ํ•œ ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ค‘๊ตญ์ด ์ค‘์žฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ป๋Š” ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์™ธ๊ต์  ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๊ณ  ์œ ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ž๊ตญ ์ œ์กฐ์—… ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์— ๋” ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฅ๊ธฐํ™”๋œ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์€ ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ด์ต์— ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ค‘๊ตญ์ด ์‹ ์†ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์žฌํ•œ ํ‰ํ™”๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด์ต์— ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฒ ์ด์ง•์ด ํ˜ผ๋ž€ ์†์—์„œ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ์ด๋“์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” โ€œ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋ฅธโ€์œผ๋กœ ์ž์ฒ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ถˆํŽธํ•œ ํ˜„์‹ค์€ ๋‘ ๋‚˜๋ผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ „์Ÿ๊ณผ ํ‰ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ธ ์›์น™์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์ต์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ฃผ์ฒด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜„์žฌ๋กœ์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์ต์ด ์‹ ์†ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ„๊ณผ๋˜๋Š” ์—ญํ•™ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ ๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค, ์ฆ‰ ์ด๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์••๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€ํ•ด ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ์ข…์‹์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์—ญ์„ค์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์ด ์ง€์†๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ด๋“์„ ์–ป๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํ˜‘์ƒ์— ์˜ํ•œ ํ‰ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์ธ ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.