English
Based on โโTherapeutic Presence & Polyvagal Theoryโ with Shari Gellerโ from Jan Winhall, Felt Sense Polyvagal Model Watch the original video
The Two Wings of Healing: Why Therapeutic Presence and Polyvagal Theory are the Keys to Deep Connection
In the quiet space of a therapy roomโor even across the digital glow of a Zoom screenโsomething invisible yet profound occurs between two people. It isnโt just the exchange of words or the application of clinical techniques. It is a shared state of being known as therapeutic presence.
For Dr. Shari Geller, a clinical psychologist and co-director of the Center for Mind-Body Health, this presence is the foundational โmissing ingredientโ in effective healing. In a deep-dive conversation with Jan Winhall, creator of the Felt Sense Polyvagal Model, Geller explored how the intersection of Polyvagal Theory and self-compassion creates a โsafe containerโ that allows the nervous system to move from a state of survival to a state of growth.
The Two Wings: Presence and Compassion
Geller describes her approach as having โtwo wings of a bird.โ The first wing is therapeutic presence: the act of being fully in the body and in connection with the client. The second wing is self-compassion: the tool that allows the therapist to work with the barriersโthe shame, the self-doubt, and the personal triggersโthat inevitably pull them away from the moment.
โWe are experiencing many of the same traumas as our clients,โ Geller notes, pointing to the collective stressors of the modern world, from global pandemics to environmental disasters. โTo be a co-regulator for someone else, we must first be able to regulate ourselves.โ
The Ghost in the Room: A Personal Turning Point
Gellerโs passion for this work isnโt merely academic; it was forged in the fire of personal loss. At age 18, while navigating a conflicted relationship with her mother, Geller faced a sudden tragedy. Her mother was diagnosed with a brain tumor and passed away within eight months.
The grief and conflict manifested in Gellerโs body as severe anxiety and physical illness. Seeking help, she encountered a psychiatrist who embodied the antithesis of presence. โHe was a detached presence,โ Geller recalls. โHe barely spoke. I remember walking by and seeing doodles on his notepad rather than notes. One day, his eyes got heavy and he actually fell asleep.โ
That experience left her feeling more alone than when she started. However, it led her to her next therapist, Beverly Yates, a mindfulness-based practitioner. โShe knew what I was feeling before I knew what I was feeling,โ Geller says. โI felt safe. I opened up. It was life-changing.โ This stark contrast sparked a lifelong quest to understand what makes a therapist truly โthere.โ
Decoding the Model: What is Therapeutic Presence?
Through decades of research and collaboration with Leslie Greenberg (the founder of Emotion-Focused Therapy), Geller developed an empirically validated model of therapeutic presence. It is broken down into three overarching categories:
1. The Embodied State
Presence is not a mental exercise; it is a physical one. It requires a balance of four sub-qualities:
- Groundedness: Being firmly rooted in oneโs own body.
- Immersion: Being fully โinโ the moment with the client.
- Spaciousness: Maintaining a sense of โlarger expanseโ so the therapist isnโt swallowed by the clientโs suffering.
- Compassion: Being in the moment specifically in service of the otherโs healing.
2. The Process
Geller describes presence as a cyclical flow. The therapist must be receptively attuned to the clientโs experience, internally attuned to their own bodily responses, and then extend contactโtaking that mingled internal information and offering it back through a gesture, a word, or a meaningful silence.
3. Intentionality
Presence doesnโt happen by accident. It requires a commitment to a โpresence practiceโ outside the therapy roomโwhether through nature, meditation, or even mindful interactions at the grocery store. Geller notes that research shows therapists who spend just five minutes centering themselves before a session have better clinical outcomes than those who rush in.
The Polyvagal Lens: Safety is the Treatment
When Geller first met Dr. Stephen Porges, the developer of Polyvagal Theory, she realized his work provided the โneurophysiological mechanismโ for her model.
Polyvagal Theory suggests that our nervous systems are constantly scanning for cues of safety or danger. If a therapist is โpresentโโmeaning their own nervous system is in a โVentral Vagalโ (safe and social) stateโthe clientโs nervous system can โreadโ that safety. This co-regulation allows the client to move out of โfight-or-flightโ (sympathetic) or โshutdownโ (dorsal) modes.
โWe have to read the nuances,โ Geller explains. โWhen a client suddenly goes flat in the face or dissociates, that is a cue. If we are present, we can pause and come back to regulation rather than pushing through the therapeutic work.โ
Overcoming the Barriers: โIn for Me, Out for Youโ
A common challenge for therapists is the โtirednessโ or โheavinessโ that occurs during a session. Rather than pathologizing this as โboredom,โ Geller views it through the lens of resonance.
โI had a client with deep complex trauma, and I found myself feeling sleepy,โ Geller shares. โOnce I got past my own self-judgment, I realized she had shared something vulnerable and then immediately disconnected into her head. I was experiencing her emotional disconnect in my body as tiredness.โ
To combat these moments of disconnect, Geller suggests a simple practice called Giving and Receiving Compassion:
- Inhale: Breathe in something you need (calm, compassion, or strength). โIn for me.โ
- Exhale: Breathe out something for the client or the world. โOut for you.โ
This rhythmic breathing serves as a tether, keeping the therapistโs nervous system online while acknowledging the shared humanity of the struggle.
The Takeaway: Presence as a Way of Life
Ultimately, Geller and Winhall argue that therapeutic presence is not a โmysterious magical thing,โ but a skill that can be cultivated. By moving away from a pathologizing model and toward a respectful, embodied understanding of the nervous system, both therapist and client can find a way back to connection.
As Geller puts it, the goal is to do the โnerdy learningโ outside the room, but the moment you walk in, โlet it go and allow the moment to inform you.โ In that space of presence, the real work of healing begins.
ํ๊ตญ์ด
โโTherapeutic Presence & Polyvagal Theoryโ with Shari Gellerโ โ Jan Winhall, Felt Sense Polyvagal Model ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์ฌ ์๋ณธ ์์ ๋ณด๊ธฐ
์น์ ์ ํต์ฌ, โ์กด์ฌ(Presence)โ๋ผ๋ ๋ณด์ด์ง ์๋ ํ: ์ค๋ฆฌ ๊ฒ๋ฌ์ ๋ค๋ฏธ์ฃผ ์ด๋ก ์ ๋ง๋จ
์๋ด์ค์์ ์๋ด์ฌ๊ฐ ๋ด๋ด์์๊ฒ ์ค ์ ์๋ ๊ฐ์ฅ ๊ฐ๋ ฅํ ๋๊ตฌ๋ ๋ฌด์์ผ๊น์? ํ๋ คํ ์ฌ๋ฆฌํ์ ๊ธฐ์ ์ด๋ ๋ ์นด๋ก์ด ๋ถ์์ผ๊น์? ์์ ์ฌ๋ฆฌํ์์ด์ ์ ์์ค์ฌ์น๋ฃ(EFT) ์ ๋ฌธ๊ฐ์ธ ์ค๋ฆฌ ๊ฒ๋ฌ(Shari Geller) ๋ฐ์ฌ๋ ๋จํธํ๊ฒ ๋งํฉ๋๋ค. ๋ฐ๋ก **โ์น๋ฃ์ ํ์กด(Therapeutic Presence)โ**์ ๋๋ค.
์ต๊ทผ ์ ์ํ(Jan Winhall)์ โํ ํธ ์ผ์ค ๋ค๋ฏธ์ฃผ ๋ชจ๋ธ(Felt Sense Polyvagal Model)โ ์ฑ๋์์ ์งํ๋ ๋๋ด์์, ๊ฒ๋ฌ ๋ฐ์ฌ๋ ๋ค๋ฏธ์ฃผ ์ด๋ก (Polyvagal Theory)์ ํตํด ์น๋ฃ์ ํ์กด์ด ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ์๋ฌผํ์ ์ผ๋ก ์์ ํ ์น์ ํ๊ฒฝ์ ๋ง๋๋์ง, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ ์ด๊ฒ์ด ํ๋ ์ฌ๋ฆฌ์น๋ฃ์ ํ์ ์์์ธ์ง๋ฅผ ๊น์ด ์๊ฒ ํ์ด๋์ต๋๋ค.
1. โ์ ๋ ์๋ด์ฌโ๊ฐ ๋จ๊ธด ๊ตํ: ํ์กด์ ๊ฒฐํ์ด ์ฃผ๋ ๊ณ ํต
์ค๋ฆฌ ๊ฒ๋ฌ ๋ฐ์ฌ๊ฐ โํ์กดโ์ด๋ผ๋ ์ฃผ์ ์ ํ์์ ๋ฐ์น๊ฒ ๋ ๊ณ๊ธฐ๋ 18์ด ๋ ๊ฒช์ ๊ฐ์ธ์ ์ธ ๋น๊ทน์์ ์์๋์์ต๋๋ค. ๊ฐ์์ค๋ฌ์ด ์ด๋จธ๋์ ์ ํฌ๋ณ๊ณผ ์ฃฝ์์ ๊ทธ๋ ์๊ฒ ๊ทน์ฌํ ๋ถ์๊ณผ ์ ์ฒด ์ฆ์์ ๋จ๊ฒผ์ต๋๋ค.
๋น์ ๊ทธ๋ ๊ฐ ์ฐพ์๊ฐ ์ ์ ๊ณผ ์์ฌ๋ ์ด๋ฅธ๋ฐ โ์ด์ฐํ ํ๋โ๋ฅผ ์ ์งํ๋ ์ฌ๋์ด์์ต๋๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ ์๋ด ์ค์ ๋์๋ฅผ ํ๊ฑฐ๋ ์ฌ์ง์ด ์กธ๊ธฐ๊น์ง ํ์ต๋๋ค. ๊ฒ๋ฌ ๋ฐ์ฌ๋ ๊ทธ๋์ ๊ฒฝํ์ ์ด๋ ๊ฒ ํ์ํฉ๋๋ค. โ๊ทธ ๋ฐฉ์์ ์ ๋ ์ ๋ณด๋ค ๋ ํผ์๊ฐ ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ถ์ด์๊ณ , ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ ๊น์ด์ก์ต๋๋ค.โ
์ดํ ๊ทธ๋ ๋ ์ ๋ฐ๋์ ๊ฒฝํ์ ํ๊ฒ ๋ฉ๋๋ค. ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ๊ฒ ๊นจ์ด ์์ผ๋ฉฐ ์์ ์ ๊ณ ํต์ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ์์์ฐจ๋ ค ์ฃผ๋ ์น๋ฃ์ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ ๊ฒ์ด์ฃ . ์ด ๊ฒฝํ์ ๊ทธ๋ ์๊ฒ ์ค์ํ ์ง๋ฌธ์ ๋์ก์ต๋๋ค. โ์น๋ฃ์ ์ฑํจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๋ฅด๋ ์ด โ๋ณด์ด์ง ์๋ ์ฑ๋ถโ์ ๋์ฒด ๋ฌด์์ธ๊ฐ?โ ์ด๊ฒ์ด ๋ฐ๋ก ๊ทธ๋ ๊ฐ ์์ญ ๋ ๊ฐ ์ฐ๊ตฌํด ์จ โ์น๋ฃ์ ํ์กดโ์ ์์์ด์์ต๋๋ค.
2. ๋ค๋ฏธ์ฃผ ์ด๋ก : ํ์กด์ด ์น์ ๊ฐ ๋๋ ์๋ฌผํ์ ๋ฉ์ปค๋์ฆ
๊ฒ๋ฌ ๋ฐ์ฌ๋ 2012๋ ๋ค๋ฏธ์ฃผ ์ด๋ก ์ ์ฐฝ์์์ธ ์คํฐ๋ธ ํฌ์ง์ค(Stephen Porges) ๋ฐ์ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ง๋๋ฉด์ ์์ ์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ ๊ณผํ์ ํ ๋๋ฅผ ์ป์๋ค๊ณ ์ค๋ช ํฉ๋๋ค. ๋ค๋ฏธ์ฃผ ์ด๋ก ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ธ๊ฐ์ ์ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ๋ ๋์์์ด ์ฃผ๋ณ์ ์์ ์ ํธ๋ฅผ ํ์ํฉ๋๋ค.
- ๊ณต๋ ์กฐ์ (Co-regulation): ์น๋ฃ์ฌ๊ฐ ์ค์ค๋ก๋ฅผ ์ง์ ์ํค๊ณ (Grounding) ์จ์ ํ ๊นจ์ด ์์ ๋, ์น๋ฃ์ฌ์ ์ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ๋ ๋ด๋ด์์๊ฒ โ์์ ํ๋คโ๋ ์ ํธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ ๋๋ค.
- ๋ณต์ธก ๋ฏธ์ฃผ์ ๊ฒฝ(Ventral Vagal) ์ํ: ์น๋ฃ์ฌ์ ํ์กด์ ๋ด๋ด์์ ์ฌํ์ ์ฐธ์ฌ ์์คํ ์ ํ์ฑํํฉ๋๋ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํตํด ๋ด๋ด์๋ ๋ฐฉ์ด ๊ธฐ์ (์ธ์-๋๋ง ๋๋ ์ผ์ด๋ถ์)๋ฅผ ๋ด๋ ค๋๊ณ ๋น๋ก์ ๊น์ ์ฌ๋ฆฌ์ ์์ ์ ํ ์ ์๋ ์ํ๊ฐ ๋ฉ๋๋ค.
๊ฒ๋ฌ ๋ฐ์ฌ๋ **โ์น๋ฃ์ฌ์ ํ์กด์ ๋ด๋ด์๊ฐ ์์ ํจ์ ์ฝ์ด๋ผ ์ ์๊ฒ ํ๋ ์ ๊ฒฝํ์ ์ธ ์ปจํ ์ด๋(์ฉ๊ธฐ)๋ฅผ ๋ง๋๋ ๊ณผ์ โ**์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๊ฐ์กฐํฉ๋๋ค.
3. ์น๋ฃ์ ํ์กด์ 3๊ฐ์ง ๊ธฐ๋ฅ: ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ํ์กดํ ๊ฒ์ธ๊ฐ?
๊ฒ๋ฌ ๋ฐ์ฌ๋ ์ค๋ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํตํด ์น๋ฃ์ ํ์กด์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ง ์ฐจ์์ผ๋ก ๊ตฌ์กฐํํ์ต๋๋ค.
โ ์ฒดํ๋ ์ํ (Embodied)
๋จ์ํ ์๋ฆฌ์ ์์ ์๋ ๊ฒ์ด ์๋๋ผ, ๋ชธ ์ ์ฒด๋ก ๊นจ์ด ์๋ ์ํ์ ๋๋ค.
- ์ ์ง(Grounded): ์๊ธฐ ์์ ์์ ๋จ๋จํ ๋ฟ๋ฆฌ ๋ด๋ฆผ.
- ๋ชฐ์ (Immersed): ๋ด๋ด์์ ์๊ฐ์๊ฐ์ ์จ์ ํ ๋จธ๋ฌพ.
- ํ์ฅ์ฑ(Spaciousness): ๊ณ ํต์ ์ธ๋ถ ์ฌํญ์ ๋งค๋ชฐ๋์ง ์๊ณ , ๋ ํฐ ์น์ ์ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ๋ณด๋ ์ฌ์ .
โก ๊ณผ์ (Process)
ํ์กด์ ๊ณ ์ ๋ ์ํ๊ฐ ์๋๋ผ ๋์์๋ ์ํ์ ๋๋ค. ๋ด๋ด์์ ๊ฒฝํ์ ์์ฉ์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ฒฝ์ฒญํ๊ณ (Attunement), ๋ด ๋ชธ ์์์ ์ผ์ด๋๋ ๋ฐ์์ ์์์ฐจ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ, ๋ค์ ๊ทธ ๊ฒฝํ์ ๋ฐํ์ผ๋ก ๋ด๋ด์์ ์ ์ดํ๋ ์ญ๋์ ์ธ ๊ณผ์ ์ ๋๋ค.
โข ์๋์ฑ (Intentional)
ํ์กด์ ์ ์ ๋ก ์ผ์ด๋๋ ํ์ด์ด ์๋๋๋ค. ์๋ด ์ 5๋ถ๊ฐ์ ๋ช ์์ด๋ ์ผํฐ๋ง(Centering)์ฒ๋ผ, ์๋ด์ค ๋ฐ์์๋ ์์ ์ ์ถ ์์์ ํ์กด์ ์ฐ์ตํ๋ ค๋ ์๋์ ์ธ ๋ ธ๋ ฅ์ด ํ์ํฉ๋๋ค.
4. ์์ ๋ ๋ ๊ฐ: ํ์กด๊ณผ ์๊ธฐ ์๋น(Self-Compassion)
์๋ด์ฌ๋ ์ธ๊ฐ์ด๊ธฐ์ ๋๋ก๋ ์ง์ค๋ ฅ์ด ํํธ๋ฌ์ง๊ฑฐ๋, ๋ด๋ด์์ ํธ๋ผ์ฐ๋ง์ ์๋๋์ด ์กธ์์ด ์์์ง๊ธฐ๋ ํฉ๋๋ค. ๊ฒ๋ฌ ๋ฐ์ฌ๋ ์ด๋ ํ์ํ ๊ฒ์ด **โ์๊ธฐ ์๋น(Self-Compassion)โ**๋ผ๋ ๋ ๋ค๋ฅธ ๋ ๊ฐ๋ผ๊ณ ๋งํฉ๋๋ค.
โ์๋ด ์ค์ ์กธ์์ด ์ค๊ฑฐ๋ ์ก๋ ์ด ์๊ธธ ๋, ์์ ์ ๋น๋ํ๋ฉด ํ์กด์์ ๋ ๋ฉ์ด์ง๋๋ค. ๋์ โ์, ๋ด ์ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ๊ฐ ์ง๊ธ ๊ณผ๋ถํ๊ฐ ๊ฑธ๋ ธ๊ตฌ๋โ ํน์ โ๋ด๋ด์์ ๋จ์ ๋ ์ํ๋ฅผ ๋ด๊ฐ ๋ชธ์ผ๋ก ๋๋ผ๊ณ ์๊ตฌ๋โ๋ผ๊ณ ์๋น๋กญ๊ฒ ์์์ฐจ๋ ค์ผ ํฉ๋๋ค.โ
๊ทธ๋ ๋ โ๋๋ฅผ ์ํด ๋ค์ด๋ง์๊ณ , ๋น์ ์ ์ํด ๋ด๋ฑ๋(In for me, Out for you)โ ํธํก๋ฒ์ ์ ์ํฉ๋๋ค. ๋๋ฅผ ๋๋ณด๋ ์๋น์ ํ์ธ์ ํฅํ ์๋น๊ฐ ๊ท ํ์ ์ด๋ฃฐ ๋, ์๋ด์ฌ๋ ์์ง๋์ง ์๊ณ ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ํ์กด์ ์ ์งํ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค.
5. ํ๋์ธ์ ์ํ ์์ฌ์ : ํ๋ฉด ๋๋จธ์์๋ ํ๋ฅด๋ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ
์ฝ๋ก๋19 ์ดํ ๋ณดํธํ๋ ์จ๋ผ์ธ ์๋ด์ ๋ํด์๋ ๊ฒ๋ฌ ๋ฐ์ฌ๋ ํฌ๋ง์ ์ธ ๊ฒฌํด๋ฅผ ๋ด๋์์ต๋๋ค. ๋น๋ก ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ๊ณต๊ฐ์ ๋จ์ด์ ธ ์์ง๋ง, ํ๋ฉด์ ํตํ ๋ฏธ์ธํ ํ์ ์ ๋ณํ์ ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ์ ํค์ ํตํด ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ์ฌ์ ํ ์ ๊ฒฝํ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ ์ ์๋ค๋ ๊ฒ์ ๋๋ค.
๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์น๋ฃ์ ํ์กด์ ์๋ด์ค ์์ ๊ธฐ์ ์ ๋์ด, ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ํ์ธ๊ณผ ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ๊ด๊ณ๋ฅผ ๋งบ์ด์ผ ํ๋์ง์ ๋ํ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ํ๋๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ฌ์ค๋๋ค. ๊ฒ๋ฌ ๋ฐ์ฌ์ ์ํ์ ๋๋ด์ โํจ๊ป ์์ด ์ฃผ๋ ๊ฒโ๋ง์ผ๋ก๋ ์ผ๋ง๋ ์๋ํ ์น์ ๊ฐ ์ผ์ด๋ ์ ์๋์ง๋ฅผ ๋ค์๊ธ ์ผ๊นจ์ ์ฃผ์์ต๋๋ค.
[์ค์ฒ ํ] ํ์กด์ ์ํ โ์๋น ํธํกโ ์ฐ์ต
- ํธ์ํ๊ฒ ์์ ์จ์ด ๋ค์ด์ค๊ณ ๋๊ฐ๋ ๋ฆฌ๋ฌ์ ๋๊ปด๋ณด์ธ์.
- ์จ์ ๋ค์ด๋ง์ค ๋, ๋์๊ฒ ํ์ํ ์๋์ง(ํ์จ, ์๋น ๋ฑ)๋ฅผ ์ฑ์ด๋ค๊ณ ์์ํ์ธ์. (๋๋ฅผ ์ํ ์จ)
- ์จ์ ๋ด๋ฑ์ ๋, ๋ด๊ฐ ๋ง์ฃผํ ์๋๋ฐฉ์ด๋ ์ธ์์ ํฅํด ์น์ ์ ๋ณด๋ธ๋ค๊ณ ์์ํ์ธ์. (ํ์ธ์ ์ํ ์จ)
- ์ด ๋ฆฌ๋ฌ์ ๋ฐ๋ณตํ๋ฉฐ โ๋โ์ โ๋โ ์ฌ์ด์ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๊ฐ์ ๋๊ปด๋ณด์ธ์.